tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34344487146559694742024-03-13T08:39:11.096-07:00Nova Cogitatio.Thoughts come and go. Even thoughts undergo Darwinian selection!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.comBlogger32125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-20776539897396171862016-01-15T02:53:00.001-08:002016-01-15T02:53:04.117-08:00Power To The Tunisian People (en.)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;">Bjr Free Tunisia. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;">I want to share with you a bothersome thought concerning a structural problem in our constitution and the related political processes! </span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;">As you all know Nida has lost its majority in the parliament. We also know that this past majority is the democratic expression of the People's will and choice (irrespective of what we might think of this outcome and its peripeties.) </span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;">Consequently, the choice of the people has collapsed due to the resignation of many Nida d</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;">eputies, making of Nahdha the present majority. This is not the problem, though!</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;"><br />As far as I'm concerned, this is a serious contradiction and pauses grave consequences to our country and thus people. Presently, the political parties, with the support of their lobbies, in and out of the country, are controlling the full political process and its outcomes in the absence of the people and their majority will!</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;"><br />Indeed, in this state of affairs, the people are reduced to spectators obliged to watch a show they never chose (Nahdha majority), nor are willing to support (maintaining the NOT voted for present situation!)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;"><br />In this case, the only democratic reaction (as I see it!) is to reelect a new parliament and compose a new government according to the people choice and will.</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;"><br />Unfortunately, the constitutional rules as agreed on by those you know shrewdly revoked the power of the people from the people and handed it to the political parties, their members and supporting lobbies.</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;"><br />As far as I'm concerned, depriving people of their power sets Tunisia on a highly uncertain and undemocratic path reminiscent of a counter-revolutionary move.</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.32px;"><br />Power to the People</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-26669813290731964582016-01-15T02:50:00.000-08:002016-01-15T02:50:17.752-08:00Power To The Tunisian People (fr.)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Bjr Free Tunisia. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Je veux partager avec vous une pensée embarrassante </span><span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">qui concerne un problème structurel dans notre constitution et les processus politiques qui en découlent. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Comme vous savez, Nidé a perdu sa majorité au parlement. Vous savez aussi que cette défunte majorité était l'expression démocratique de la volonté et du choix populaires (abstraction de ce qu'on peut penser de ce résultat et de ses péripéties). </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Par conséquent, Le choix du peuple est ''tombé à l'eau'' du fait de la démission de plusieurs députés élus sur les listes de Nidé transférant ainsi la majorité au parti Ennahdha arrivé en 2ème position. .Mais ceci n'est pas le vrai problème.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Autant que je puisse être concerné, ceci est une sérieuse contradiction et a de graves conséquences pour notre pays et par conséquent notre peuple.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Actuellement, les partis politiques, soutenus par leurs lobbys à l'intérieur comme à l'extérieur du pays, sont entrain de contrôler le processus politique en entier ainsi que ses résultats en dehors du peuple et de sa volonté majoritaire. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
En effet, dans l'état actuel des choses, le peuple est réduit à un statut de spectateur obligé d'observer le show qu'il n'a jamais choisi (la nouvelle majorité nahdhaouie) ni ne voudra soutenir (Tant que le refus voté pour la nouvelle situation est maintenu).</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Dans une telle situation, la seule réaction démocratique (tel que je vois) est de ré elire un nouveau parlement et former un nouveau gouvernement en accord avec le nouveau choix découlant de la nouvelle volonté.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Malheureusement, Les règles constitutionnelles tel que votées par qui vous savez clairement ont révoqué le pouvoir du peuple par le peuple et l'ont remis dans les mains des partis politiques et leurs lobbys sponsors.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #fefefe; color: #373e4d; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.36px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Autant que je sois concerné, privant le peuple de son pouvoir met la Tunisie sur un chemin hautement incertain et anti démocratique pouvant provoquer une déviation contre révolutionnaire.
#Power To The People</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-82950363329331281282015-10-18T10:11:00.001-07:002015-10-18T10:11:33.894-07:00STI POLICY UNESCO CHAIR<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="main_bg" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-color: rgb(174, 174, 174); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;">
<div class="container" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; width: 1170px;">
<div class="main row" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px; padding: 57px 0px;">
<div class="col-md-12" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 1170px;">
<div class="col-md-6 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 570px;">
<h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Institutional DATA</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
</div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Project title:</h3>
Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Policy</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Expected starting date:</h3>
September 1st, 2015</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Duration:</h3>
Four (4) years</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Domain(s) or discipline(s) concerned:</h3>
Science and Technology</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Name and full address of host institution(s):</h3>
Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT),<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />BP# 37, Tunis-Belvédère, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.</li>
</ul>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 570px;">
<img alt="" class="img-responsive" src="http://www.taasti.org/etp/fr/images/unesco1.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin-top: 54px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" /></div>
<div class="col-md-12 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 1140px;">
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;"><div class="col-md-12 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 1070px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Faculty(ies)/Department(s) concerned:</h3>
Industrial Engineering Department, Electrical Engineering Department, Mechanical Engineering Department, Hydrology and Environmental Sciences department, Information and Communication Technology Department.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Executing institution:</h3>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div class="col-md-6" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 500px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Project leader:</h3>
Professor Jelel Ezzine<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />CV : <a href="http://jelelezzinecv.blogspot.com/" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #428bca; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://jelelezzinecv.blogspot.com/</a></li>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 500px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Full address/telephone/fax/e-mail/website :</h3>
Electrical Engineering Department<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />BP# 37, Tunis-Belvédère, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Tel: +216 71 874 700<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Fax : +216 71 872 729<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />E-mail : jelel.ezzine@enit.rnu.tn<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Web-site : <a href="http://www.enit.rnu.tn/" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #428bca; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">www.enit.rnu.tn</a></li>
</div>
</ul>
</li>
</div>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 570px;">
<h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Summary</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Tunisia, after being the spark that unleashed the Arab Spring, managed to lock its transformational path on a democratic trajectory capable of leading it to an equitable sustainable knowledge society, and become a true regional and global model. However, the endogenous and exogenous contexts are quite challenging. Thus, to succeed in this historic endeavor, Tunisia has to leverage promptly but wisely the might of STI through a contextualized STI policy and governance capacity.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Consequently, to bring the country to the collectively desired normality and progressively steer it towards an equitable sustainable society it is necessary and urgent to apprehend, in time and in space, this complex transformational process holistically and to tackle the different strategic challenges methodically. In so doing, and in relation to the above diagnosis, it is mandatory to restructure, interconnect and reenergize the Tunisian National Innovation system (NIS) through viable, proactive and contextualized STI policies.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />The present proposal will take the lead in, and nationally (and regionally) contribute to (i) building the critical STI policy capacity, (ii) enabling knowledge transfer and agile interfaces between the NIS components, and (iii) integrating the country in its regional, continental and global dynamics.</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 570px;">
<img alt="" class="img-responsive" src="http://www.taasti.org/etp/fr/images/unesco2.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin-top: 54px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" /></div>
<div class="col-md-12 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 1140px;">
<h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Context and justification :</h3>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
STI has always been a strategic choice for Tunisia since its independence. The education system, which was built since the independence, played a crucial developmental role in Tunisia and allowed millions of Tunisians to climb the socio-economic ladder. In addition, the higher education and research system contributed to the present scientific and technological capacities of Tunisia. Indeed, Tunisia ranks as the first African country in numbers of journal publications per capita, its Economic Complexity Index (ECI) is among the highest in the continent and the region, and women participation in science, technology, be it inside or outside of universities, are among the highest in Africa, the Arab world and the Mediterranean shores.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Despite these noticeable successes, numerous challenges still hinder the equitable and sustainable development of Tunisia. Undeniably, the Tunisian Revolution, that ignited the Arab Spring, is a blatant manifestation of this national socio-economic malaise. Most noticeably, university degree holders’ joblessness is the main spark behind January 14th turmoil! This unemployment “Tunisian Paradox,” is the result of the accumulation of poor policies, especially those dealing with the harmonization between knowledge processes and industrial development. Indeed, this unfortunate state of affairs led to a great dissonance between the universities’ graduates output and the absorbability capacities of our stagnant industries.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />To bring the country to the collectively desired normality and progressively steer it towards an equitable sustainable society it is necessary and urgent to apprehend, in time and in space, this complex transformational process holistically and to tackle the different strategic challenges methodically. In so doing, and in relation to the above diagnosis, it is mandatory to restructure, interconnect and reenergize the Tunisian National Innovation system (NIS) through viable, proactive and contextualized STI policies.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />The present proposal will take the lead in, and nationally (and regionally) contribute to (i) building the critical STI policy capacity, (ii) enabling knowledge transfer and agile interfaces between the NIS components, and (iii) integrating the country in its regional, continental and global dynamics.</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12 unesco" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 1140px;">
<h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px;">
Objectives :</h3>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Contribute, through STI policy and governance capacity building, to the emergence of a viable Tunisian STI system, as well as national and regional ones, capable of insuring the sustainable development, the regional integration, and the wellbeing of people in Africa and beyond.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer_bg" style="background: rgb(246, 246, 246); box-sizing: border-box;">
<div class="container" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; width: 1170px;">
<div class="row footer" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px; padding: 45.5938px;">
<div class="copy text-center" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;">
<div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #3b3b3b; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis | <a href="http://www.enit.rnu.tn/" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff5454; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;" target="_blank">ENIT</a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span class="gr__tooltip" style="box-sizing: border-box; z-index: 100000;"><i class="gr__tooltip-logo" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10px;"></i></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-14841745969993958982015-03-28T08:11:00.001-07:002015-03-28T08:12:13.653-07:00After the elections priority is to the reforms!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb-Cond, serif; font-size: 50px; line-height: 60px; margin: 16px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; width: 558px;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; font-size: 13px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">by </span><a href="http://www.theeuropean.de/hans-heinrich-bass" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; font-size: 13px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Hans-Heinrich Bass"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Hans-Heinrich Bass</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; font-size: 13px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 8/12/2014</span></span></h2>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In the birthplace of the Arab Spring, it runs better than in many other countries in the region. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The first step is made, then the second must follow. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Even Germany can help.</span></div>
<div class="image" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clear: left; font-family: ScalaWeb, Georgia, serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 14px; margin: 20px 0px 0px; min-height: 100px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="tunisia Arab-spring" src="http://c3445010.r10.cf0.rackcdn.com/landscape_image/8555/big_2296c3dff0.jpeg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; height: 413px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 620px;" /><br />
<div class="copyright" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">© </span><a class="caption" href="http://www.theeuropean.de/hans-heinrich-bass/9297-tunesien-nach-den-praesidentschaftswahlen-hoffnung#" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Getty Images</a></div>
</div>
<div class="grid_6 alpha clearfix article-content" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; float: left; font-family: ScalaWeb, Georgia, serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 14px; margin: 15px 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 620px !important;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The fair and transparent verlaufenen presidential elections in Tunisia last Sunday show that the country where the Arab Spring began three years ago, is a decisive step forward towards a pluralist democracy. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This differs from Tunisia almost all other countries in the region.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Can achieve lasting stability Tunisia but only if the second, unequal difficult phase of social reconstruction succeeds: the reform of the economy.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Who moves as president in the palace, which rises on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea over the ruins of the ancient superpower Carthage, will be decided in a runoff election on 28 December. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">With a slim margin grew out of the first round of the supported non-religious groups Beji Caid el Sebsi - a 87-year-old who has connections to the old regime who can take but also many Tunisians in the new era. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Opponent in the interim president Moncef Marzouki, which should be supported by Islamic forces. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Agency is however mainly representative. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Is crucial for the future of Tunisia, therefore, who forms the government and how she copes with their tasks.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">On the new government waits a Herculean task. </span><span class="" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">On one hand, the per capita income of Tunisia is one of the highest in Africa, the industrial sector is considerable diversity and size, the level of education of the younger generation is impressive. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">On the other hand, the differences in economic performance between coastal and inland areas are huge.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Unemployment is extremely high. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bureaucracy, state monopolies and complacency decisions paralyze progress.</span></span></div>
<h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 23px; margin: 30px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Progress, but</span></h6>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Although Tunisian companies are integrated into global value chains and supply the world market, textiles, electronics, automotive and aircraft parts. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">But it is mainly products are manufactured or assembled by unskilled labor and low wages. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Hotels on the coast are a prime destination for European tourists - but it is almost all about the tourist standard business with low added value. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In addition, call center services for the French market; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">this also an industry that has little potential for development.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Therefore put farsighted Tunisian economic policy on science and innovation as the key to further development. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Thus, for example, requests Jelel Ezzine, the President of the Tunisian Science Association, national flagship projects for technology transfer. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A modern industrial policy is also intended to privatize another state-owned enterprises, cutting red tape and allow more competition. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Just as start-ups could be initiated and existing businesses grow.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Only in this way more and better jobs could be created.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Even on a reform of the education system is discussed. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Large gaps exist between what is taught in schools and universities, and what the economy needs. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Many graduates find a job.</span><span class="" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">On the other hand, foreign companies looking for skilled workers in Tunisia and need new employees for months retrained: practical training, teamwork, leadership qualities - this is particularly missed.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Success of economic reforms, then Tunisia could become a model for the Arab world and the African continent. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The small country with its barely eleven million inhabitants could be a Mediterranean Singapore. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The failure of this attempt, we risk a fiasco: school leavers would increasingly look for a way across the Mediterranean, in order to find the opportunities denied them the home country. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Or find simple solutions: Already Tunisians form one of the largest groups of foreign fighters in the militia of the Islamic State.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In addition: As a result of the civil war in Libya live on Tunisian soil more than one million refugees. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Libya is stabilized by a positive development in Tunisia, they could form an economic and cultural bridge between the two countries. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Tunisia is destabilized by the events in Libya, the refugees could exacerbate tensions.</span></span></div>
<h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 23px; margin: 30px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Partnerships at all levels need</span></h6>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sandwiched between the deadlocked civil war in Libya and the powder keg Algeria, whose authoritarian government will fall sooner or later, the hope of the modern elites Tunisia to working with Europe depends. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">More than any other country in the region could be the small Tunisia to an anchor of stability and prosperity in North Africa and in the Arab world - if it would get support from outside.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Europe should not miss this chance to help stabilize the region. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Germany could thereby even take a leadership role - based on our strengths in education and technology in these areas as partners welcome than the former colonial power France. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">However, the German policy towards Tunisia would have to be coherent in itself. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Still too many actors with sometimes contradictory concepts are in Tunisia on the go.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A general plan for economic reform in Tunisia in any case should be strongly supported by Europe and Germany - with partnerships at all levels. </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This could not last also contribute German companies and universities.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb-Ita; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The article was written with Karl Wohlmuth, Professor Emeritus of the Department of "comparative economic systems" at the University of Bremen.</span></div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: ScalaWeb-Ita; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Read more reviews of this debate: </span></span><a href="http://www.theeuropean.de/anna-fleischer/9680-warum-wir-aegypten-jetzt-unterstuetzen-muessen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #1c2026; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Anna Fleischer</span></span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> , </span></span><a href="http://www.theeuropean.de/sahar-el-nadi/3211-unwort-naher-osten" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #1c2026; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sahar El-Nadi</span></span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> , </span></span><a href="http://www.theeuropean.de/moshe-zimmermann/3210-israels-iranpolitik" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #1c2026; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Moshe Zimmermann</span></span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> .</span></span></span></div>
<div class="article-meta" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; font-size: 13px; line-height: 21px; margin: 20px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">by </span><a href="http://www.theeuropean.de/hans-heinrich-bass" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #848688; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Hans-Heinrich Bass"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Hans-Heinrich Bass</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 8/12/2014</span></div>
</div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-53721377809741118882015-03-16T09:00:00.000-07:002015-03-16T09:00:37.173-07:00بيان الجمعية التونسية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والتجديد <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.3199996948242px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: right;">
ونس في 16 مارس 2015</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.3199996948242px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px; text-align: right;">
الجمعية التونسية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والتجديد</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.3199996948242px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px; text-align: right;">
بيان</div>
<div class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19.3199996948242px; text-align: right;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 6px;">
لعب المجتمع المدني خلال الفترة الانتقالية دورا مفصليا في المسارين التأسيسي والانتخابي كقوة اقتراح والية مراقبة وسلطة تعديل مكنت المجتمع التونسي من اجتياز هذه الفترة بنجاح حيث تم وضع دستور جديد وانتخاب مجلس نواب الشعب ورئيس الجمهورية وتشكيل الحكومة.<br />إن المرور من الظرف الانتقالي إلى الحكم الدائم يقتضي ضرورة وضوح الرؤية لمتطلبات المرحلة سياسيا واقتصاديا واجتماعيا مما يفرض منطقيا وعمليا هيكلة حكومية تستجيب للرهانات المطروحة وسياسات وبرامج قادرة على رفع التحديات وإنقاذ البلاد من الأزمات الراهنة.<br />في هذا الإطار تشير الجمعية التونسية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والتجديد إلى أن التمشي المتبع لتركيز الحكومة هيكليا ووظيفيا ينقصه منهجية ناجعة وتصور عملي إذ تم الإبقاء على الهيكلة السابقة للحكومات الانتقالية دون الأخذ بعين الاعتبار دقة المرحلة من ناحية كما لم يُضبط للحكومة مهمة واضحة وأولويات محددة من ناحية أخرى.<br />واعتبارا لهشاشة المقاربة المتبعة ونظرا لصعوبة الوضع الاقتصادي والاجتماعي والسياسي وتفاقم خطر الإرهاب بالداخل والخارج من جهة وعدم استكمال تركيز المؤسسات الدستورية من جهة أخرى، يتعين على الحكومة الحالية أن تركز على تنفيذ برنامج إنقاذ وطني شامل وسياسات جريئة ومجددة تمكنها من مواجهة التحديات العديدة والمتشعبة. وتقترح الجمعية في هذا الخصوص:<br />1/ الإسراع بتركيز المؤسسات الدستورية ضمانا لترسيخ الديمقراطية،<br />2/ التعجيل بسن القوانين اللازمة والسياسات الضرورية الكفيلة بإنعاش الاقتصاد الوطني وتحقيق العيش الكريم للمواطن،<br />3/ التفعيل السريع للفصل 32 من الدستور خاصة في حق النفاذ إلى المعلومة لتمكين كافة المعنيين ومن بينهم المجتمع المدني من الاضطلاع بدورهم،<br />4/ تعميم المسار التشاركي في صياغة السياسات العمومية ووضع البرامج وفي سن كل النصوص التشريعية والترتيبية،<br />وسعيا لتمكين الحكومة من توظيف كامل طاقاتها لتنفيذ برنامج الإنقاذ، والإسراع بالتوازي في وضع أسس الإصلاح الشامل المرتقب بعيدا عن الضغوطات الإدارية والسياسية، يُقترح كذلك:<br />5/ المبادرة بإطلاق برنامج وطني حول الإصلاحات الضرورية في الميادين الإستراتيجية ذات الأولوية. وتقترح الجمعية أن تُسند هذه المهمة إلى أهل الاختصاص والمؤسسات البحثية والجمعيات المعنية. ويتم تنفيذ هذا البرنامج، من طلب عروض، وتمويل، ومتابعة، على غرار برامج البحث الوطنية. على أن يقع الشروع في هذا البرنامج في أقرب الآجال حتى يتسنى للمشاريع المقبولة الانطلاق في العمل بداية من 2016 لمدة ثلاث سنوات. على أن تخصص سنة 2019 لاستخلاص النتائج البحثية وتأليفها في صياغة ملائمة كمنطلق للإصلاحات المستهدفة.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
جلال الزين<br />رئيس الجمعية التونسية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والتجديد</div>
</div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-8599230400694957802015-01-19T03:44:00.001-08:002015-01-19T04:02:39.366-08:00الرد على تقرير إعفاء من وظيفة مدير عام .<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">الرد على تقرير إعفاء من وظيفة مدير عام للتعاون الدولي<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">الصادر عن وزير التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تونس
في 17 جانفي 2013<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">بسم الله
الرحمان الرحيم و الصلاة و السلام على أشرف المرسلين</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">يحتوي هذا
الرد على الأجزاء التالية: (1) تقديم مقتضب حول منهجية العمل داخل الإدارة العامة
للتعاون الدولي, (2) توضيح حول وقائع الإعفاء من الخطة الوظيفية, (3) تعقيب على
المؤاخذات المقدمة لتبرير الإعفاء من الخطة الوظيفية, (4) ملاحظات حول ظروف العمل
داخل الوزارة, (5) مؤاخذاتي حول التقرير و مطالبي. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo4; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تقديم مقتضب حول
منهجية العمل داخل الإدارة العامة للتعاون الدولي:</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1.1 تقديم الادارة العامة للتعاون
الدولي</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">مشمولات
الإدارة العامة للتعاون الدولي ذات طابع أفقي بامتياز إذ أنها تضطلع بتنظيم علاقات
التعاون و متابعتها و التنسيق بين كل مصالح الوزارة و مؤسساتها و التي ترجع إليها
مسؤولية التنفيذ في قطاعي التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي. بالتوازي تنفرد الإدارة
العامة للتعاون الدولي بالاتصالات و المفاوضات اللازمة مع الدول و المنظمات
الإقليمية و الدولية عن طريق القنوات الدبلوماسية الرسمية مما يبوئها مرتبة متميزة
في الوزارة.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: -5.4pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">في هذا
الإطار و بالنّظر إلى مـا توليه تونس من أهميّة في الفترة الانتقالية الراهنة
للمجالات المرتبطة بالتنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية وخاصّة منها الميادين والبرامج
المتعلقة بالتعليم العـالي والبحث العلمي بادرت الإدارة العامة و لأول مرة بصياغة
سياسات عصرية تستجيب للتحديات و الرهانات التنموية الوطنية و وضع منهجية عمل
ملائمة لتفعيل برامج التعاون الجارية و لإرساء شراكات جديدة في مجالي التعليم
العالي والبحث العلمي خاصّة التكنولوجيات المتطوّرة والتجديد تقوم على المحاور الثلاث
التالية:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: -5.4pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: -5.4pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: right 28.2pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">أ.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تنمية الكفاءات</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> - دفع التعاون بين الجامعات والمؤسّسات البحثية
التونسيّة ونظيراتها الأجنبيّة بما فيه تبادل الأساتذة وطلبة الدكتوراه،<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">-
تبادل الخبرات في مجالي الجودة والاعتماد في قطاع التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي
والتكنولوجيا،<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">-
تعزيز التعاون في جانبيه المادي والمعنوي بين الباحثين عن طريق برامج تعاون بحثية
بين الجامعات ومراكز البحوث.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; tab-stops: right 190.3pt center 8.0cm right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: right 28.2pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ب.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">البحث التنموي</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 31.2pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo5; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: list 31.2pt right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -22.8pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تبادل الخبرات لإنجاز برامج بحث وتطوير(</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">R&D</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) مشتركة متعدّدة الاختصاصات تنصهر
ضمن الأولويّات الوطنية،<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 31.2pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo5; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: list 31.2pt right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تثمين نتائج البحث وخاصّة المطبّقة منها والعمل على
استغلالها لبعث مؤسّسات مجدّدة في المجالات الواعدة لاستيعاب حاملي الشهادات
العليا وخلق مواطن شغل وخاصّة في المجالات ذات التقانة العالية،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 31.2pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo5; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: list 31.2pt right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">معاضدة الأقطاب التكنولوجية كحلقة وصل بين مجالات البحوث
التنمويّة ذات الأولويّة وبين محيطها بمختلف أنسجته وكآلية نموّ اقتصادي جهوي تعمل
على نقل التكنولوجيات المتقدّمة وتركيزها.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: right 28.2pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ج. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">إدارة منظومة البحث والتجديد</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 31.2pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo5; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: list 31.2pt right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">توثيق الصلة بين المؤسّسات والوكالات المختصّة في تونس
والبلدان الأجنبيّة المتطورة في مجـالات الدراسات الاستشرافية (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">Foresight</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) وخرائط الطريق التكنولوجية (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">Technology Road Maps</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) وتحديد الأولويّات الوطنيّة
الدقيقة،<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 31.2pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo5; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: list 31.2pt right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">مزيد تطوير الكفاءات في مجالات استراتيجيات البحث
والتكنولوجيا وإدارتهما اعتمادا على حاجيات منظومة التجديد الوطنيّة،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 31.2pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo5; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: list 31.2pt right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">إرساء شراكة في ميدان تقييم استراتيجيات وبرامج البحث
دعما لتنافسية المنظومة الوطنية للبحث العلمي والتجديد التكنولوجي. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2.1
عينة من أهم الانجازات<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoHeader" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 21.6pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; tab-stops: right 190.3pt 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">حرصا على تفعيل هذه السياسات بادرت الإدارة العامة
تلقائيا بإرساء جملة من البرامج و المشاريع الهامة ضخت روحا مجددة في قطاع التعليم
العالي و البحث العلمي و نخص بالذكر لا الحصر أهم انجازات السنتين الفارطتين:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">إنشاء لجنة استشرافية في نطاق التعاون التونسي الجزائري
تؤسس لمستقبل العلاقات بين البلدين في مجالات التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي لوضع
الخطوط الكبرى لبرنامج يكون منطلقا لأعمال الفرق في المجالات المذكورة و يكون لها
دور الإشراف و التنسيق و المتابعة لمختلف برامج التعاون بين البلدين و وضع اللبنة الأولى في صرح فضاء
التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي المغاربي،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">توقيع
برنامج</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تنفيذي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للتعاون</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مجال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التعليم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العالي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الجمهورية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التونسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وليبيا استجابة للوضع الراهن في
البلدين و تحقيق مزيد التعاون و التبادل العلمي لاسيما على مستوى تقديم المساعدة
الفنية و نقل الخبرات للجانب الليبي و استشراف افاق أرحب للشراكة الاستراتيجية في
المجالات الراجعة بالنظر إلى الوزارة. و في هذا الاطار و تحسبا لما يمكن أن تعبر
عنه ليبيا في تشغيل أطر تونسية مع مزيد تأهيلهم مهاريا , استبقت الإدارة العامة
ذلك و اتخذت التدابير اللازمة مع الادارتين العامتين للتعليم العالي و الدراسات
التكنولوجية و المتمثلة في احتضان المعاهد العليا للدراسات التكنولوجية مهم
التكوين هذه على أن توزع الجهود على هذه المؤسسات استنادا إلى مختلف الاختصاصات</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">،<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">توقيع و لأول مرة كذلك </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">اتفاق</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">حكومة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الجمهورية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التونسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وحكومة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جمهورية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جنوب</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">إفريقيا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للتعاون</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العلمي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والتكنولوجي
يركز على وضع</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">برامج</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مشتركة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للبحث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العلمي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">خاصة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مجال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الدراسات الطبية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">و</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بصفة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">أخص</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تلك</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">المتصلة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بالأمراض</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الموجودة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بعض</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">البلدان</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الإفريقية</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">إرساء و لأول مرة برامج تعاون بحثية مع ألمانيا تدمج
ضرورة مؤسسات بحثية و صناعية من البلدين في مجالات بحث ذات أولوية قصوى مثل
الطاقات المتجددة،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تركيز معهد الفرنكوفونية لهندسة المعرفة و التكوين
المفتوح و عن بعد (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">IFIC</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> بالمعهد
الوطني للعلوم التطبيقية و التكنولوجيا بتونس،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">إبرام اتفاق تعاون بين الحكومة التونسية و المنظمة
الأوروبية للبحث النووي في المجال العلمي و التقني في فيزياء الطاقات العالية،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">اقرار الكونغرس الأمريكي تمويل مشروع تعاون تونسي أمريكي
بمبلغ <b>10 مليون دولار</b> يمكن حوالي 200 طالب تونسي من الدراسة لمدة سنة
بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية خلال السنة الجامعية 2013-2014 . مع العلم أنه تم
اقرار هذا المشروع تبعا لمقترحات الادارة العامة للتعاون الدولي بالوزارة ادراج
برامج منح لفائدة الطلبة التونسيين و تركيز تعاون جامعي بين معاهد الدراسات
التكنولوجية و نظيراتها في أمريكا</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">و قد تم تقديم هذه المقترحات بمناسبة انعقاد لجنة
الشراكة السياسية و الاقتصادية التونسية الأمريكية التي التأمت في سبتمبر 2011
بواشنطن. ترأس اللجنة الاقتصادية المدير العام للتعاون الدولي مع زميله الأمريكي،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تمويل بقدر 4 مليون دولار من قبل الحكومة الأمريكية
لشراكة بين جامعتين امريكيتين و المعاهد العليا للدراسات التكنولوجية بكل من سيدي
بوزيد, مدنين و تطاوين بهدف دعم تشغيلية المعاهد المذكورة. مع العلم أن هذا
البرنامج نتيجة لمفاوضات لجنة الشراكة السياسية المذكورة أعلاه،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تنظيم الادارة العامة بالوزارة بالاشتراك مع المركز
الأمريكي (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">AMIDEAST</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)
تظاهرة لوضع خارطة طريق لفترة 3 - 5 سنوات </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لتوسيع
و تعزيز التعاون التونسي الأمريكي قصد تحسين جودة و فاعلية الجامعات التونسية و
ارساء بيئة أفضل للعمل و الحركية الاجتماعية بتونس و تم التركيز على ارساء شراكات
قوية و مستدامة,</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">انضمام
تونس للجنة استخدام الفضاء الخارجي في الأغراض السلمية بمنظمة الأمم المتحدة (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">COPUOS</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>). تمكن هذه العضوية تونس -رغم تأخرها مقارنة بدول الجوار- إرساء
تعاون مع أجهزة منظمة الأمم المتحدة المعنية بشؤون الفضاء والمنظمات والوكالات
الإقليمية والدولية المتخصصة في هذا الميدان و الدول التي لديها القدرات الفضائية
وبرامج لاستكشاف الفضاء الخارجي واستخدامه لدعم تونس ومساعدتها في إرساء برنامج
وطني للفضاء و تطوير التكنولوجيات التي تستخدمها في مراقبة الأرض والحصول على
تكنولوجيات الفضاء والتطبيقات الأرضية الحديثة لتطوير خدمات الاتصال عبر الأقمار
الصناعية وتوسيع مجال تدخلها لتشمل التعليم والتدريب وبناء القدرات والصحة والأمن
الغذائي (في هذا النطاق ولتحفيز الباحثين من طلبة و أساتذة و النسيج الصناعي و
الخدماتي على العمل في ميادين ذات قيمة تكنولوجية عالية و مردودية اجتماعية
أكيدة, اقترح المدير العام للتعاون الدولي
على الوزير مشروع تصميم و انجاز و إطلاق قمر اصطناعي وطني صغير الحجم "</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TunisiaSat-1423</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>" ذو كلفة
محدودة و لم يحض هذا الاقتراح بأي رد أو متابعة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span>!</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>),</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> مشاركة تونس بانتظام و
بفاعلية ممثلة في المدير العام للتعاون الدولي كعضو قار في لجنة قيادة التعاون
الأورو متوسطي في العلوم و التكنولوجيا (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MoCo</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>) مع العلم أن هذه
اللجنة تولت في الأشهر القليلة الماضية دراسة مجموعة من أدوات العمل و البرامج و
المبادرات بالإضافة إلى مصادر تمويل يمكن تعبئتها على مختلف المستويات من أجل دعم
التعاون الأورو متوسطي في البحث و التجديد المشترك و تم التركيز على مجموعة من
المجالات الاستراتيجيبة مثل الطاقة المتجددة, ازالة تلوث البيئة البحرية في
المتوسط, مكافحة الأمراض, الغذاء و الماء. في هذا الاطار تشارك تونس في عدة برامج
تعاون أهمها برنامج البحث و التطوير للاتحاد الأوروبي (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PCRD</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>) الذي يوفر سنويا
حولي <b>11 مليون أورو</b> كمنح لتمويل هذا التعاون.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">هذه
الانجازات عينة صغيرة من الأنشطة الهامة التي سعت الإدارة العامة لوضعها و
متابعتها على أرض الواقع علما أن العديد من برامج التعاون مع آسيا (مثل اليابان و
كوريا الجنوبية و الهند) و منظمات دولية عدة (مثل البنك الدولي و البنك الأوروبي
للاستثمار و البنك الإسلامي للتنمية) هي بصدد الانجاز و يتم تمويلها بمبالغ هامة
في شكل هبات أو قروض. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">و
قد نتج عن هذا الزخم من الأنشطة عبئا إداريا تبلغ
ذروته اليومية حوالي 80 مراسلة استوجب من ناحية إعادة توزيع الملفات على
المصالح المعنية بطريقة متوازنة و ممنهجة و تطوير العمل الإداري و آلياته من ناحية
أخرى ب :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">إحداث تطبيقة معلوماتية بالتعاون مع
جامعة تونس الافتراضية لتطوير العمل المشترك بين الوزارة و الجامعات و مراكز البحث
في مجال التعاون الدولي. بالتوازي تمكن هذه التطبيقة من تخفيض استعمال الورق و
ترشيد استهلاك الحبر و ربح الوقت في التواصل بين المؤسسات المعنية مع العلم أن هذه
التطبيقة قابلة للتطوير لتشمل التواصل السمعي و المرئي بين مختلف المستفيدين بما
سيوفر موارد مالية هامة بالضغط على فاتورة الهاتف. كما تواصل هذه المنظومة مجهود تعصير اليات العمل بالادارة
العامة الذي استهل بتعويض السجلات اليدوية بمكتب الضبط بتطبيقة الكترونية.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">اعداد و لأول مرة "دليل الطالب
الأجنبي" ( 30 صفحة) يهدف إلى مساعدة الطالب الأجنبي على الالمام بمختلف
المواضيع الأساسية التي تيسر له متابعة الدراسة بالجامعات التونسية على أحسن وجه و
بالتوازي أعدت مطوية "الدراسات بالخارج في اطار التبادل الطلابي" تحتوي
على معلومات حول شروط و اجراءات التسجيل الجامعي و السكن و المنح و الاقامة ببلد
الاستقبال, يتم توزيعها على الطلبة التونسيين الموفدين للدراسة بكل من المغرب و
الجزائر و السنغال,</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">تأليف كتاب (حولي 300 صفحة) يحوصل أهم
أنشطة التعاون بين تونس و بقية دول العالم في مجال التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي
و ذلك حرصا على تنمية العلاقات العلمية و الأكاديمية و توثيقها و تطويرها. و قد
وقع توزيع هذا المرجع على المديرين العامين بالوزارة و رؤساء الجامعات و المؤسسات
الحكومية المعنية بالتعاون الدولي من وزراء و كتاب دولة و مديرين عامين. بالتالي
أنجزت الإدارة العامة عدة برامج تعاون خلال السنوات الأخيرة و خاصة بعد 14 جانفي
2011 تماشيا مع الظرف الوطني الاستثنائي الذي يستوجب إعطاء صورة مشرقة لتونس
الثورة و استقطاب الشركاء و البرامج
الأكثر جدوى و تلاؤما مع تحديات المرحلة.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo4; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">توضيح حول وقائع
الإعفاء من الخطة الوظيفية:</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 18pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">حرصا على توثيق حيثيات عملية الإعفاء من المهم التذكير بالتطورات التالية: </span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">أعلمني السيد رئيس الديوان هاتفيا يوم 15 ديسمبر 2012 و
بطريقة متسرعة أثناء مغادرته نحو المطار للسفر, بقرار السيد الوزير بإعفائي من
خطتي كمدير عام ابتداء من غرة جانفي 2013 ,</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">خلال هذه المكالمة أبلغني أن سبب هذا الإعفاء هو ضعف
التعاون مع البلدان العربية و الإسلامية مع تأكيده على أن السيد الوزير يقر
بكفاءتي المهنية و يعتزم إبقائي على ذمة الوزارة<b>,</b></span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> كما أعلمني أن السيد الوزير سيستقبلني خلال
الأيام القادمة لإعلامي رسميا بهذا القرار.</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">هذا و قد حرصت على مزاولة مهامي بشكل طبيعي و متابعة
مختلف الملفات بكل جدية خاصة منها الهامة و الإستراتيجية (مثل التعاون العلمي و
الجامعي بين تونس و الاتحاد الأوروبي و خاصة إجراءات اختيار المنسق الوطني لبرنامج
</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">Tempus</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">في الأثناء لم يتم استقبالي من طرف السيد الوزير خلافا
لما ورد على لسان رئيس الديوان خلال المكالمة الهاتفية أنفة الذكر.</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">أثناء تواجد رئيس الديوان في مهمة بالسعودية طلب رئيس
الديوان بالنيابة (المدير العام للتعليم العالي) تقريرا حول أهم أنشطة الادارة
العامة للتعاون الدولي خلال سنة 2012 يتضمن استراتيجية عمل لسنة 2013. وقع انجاز
المطلوب بدون تقديم الاستراتيجية اذ أن المدة المتاحة كانت غير كافية.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">يوم 31 ديسمبر 2012 مساء كان لي اجتماع مع السيد رئيس
الديوان بمكتبه حيث أحطته علما بعدم
استقبالي من طرف السيد الوزير لإعلامي شخصيا بالقرار و عدم التعاطي مع هذا القرار
وفق التراتيب الإدارية الجاري بها العمل. </span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> خلال هذا الاجتماع عبر السيد رئيس الديوان على
حرجه إزاء الوضعية و كيفية التعاطي معها اداريا و أكد عزمه تلافي هذه النقائص و
الحرص على تمكيني من كل حقوقي خاصة و أنني لم أرتكب أي خطأ إداري يستوجب المؤاخذة.
</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">أثناء هذا الاجتماع تقدمت بمطلب عطلة استراحة سنوية بستة
أيام (6) من 2 إلى 7 جانفي 2013 ,حضيت بالموافقة الرسمية, بعنوان سنة 2010 لإتمام
الإجراءات الإدارية اللازمة و لقاء المدير العام الجديد وإحالة الملفات و إخلاء
المكتب يوم الخميس أو الجمعة. </span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">و على هذا الأساس توجهت إلى مكتبي يوم الاربعاء 2 جانفي
حوالي الساعة العاشرة صباحا (مع العلم أنني في عطلة) ولكن خلافا للاتفاق المسبق مع
رئيس الديوان فوجئت بأن الوزير قد تولى
تنصيب المدير العام الجديد الذي شرع في مباشرة عمله في مكتبي كما عاينت وجود نجار
لتغيير أقفال المكتب.</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">كما توجهت إلى المدير العام للمصالح المشتركة للاطلاع
على الإجراءات الإدارية الواجب إتباعها فوافاني بشهادة عمل صادرة بتاريخ 3 جانفي
2013 تضمنت انني خطتي الوظيفية انتهت يوم 31 ديسمبر 2012 كما نصت على تمتعي برخصة
سنوية لمدة شهرين بداية من أول جانفي 2013.</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">خلال هذا الاجتماع سلمني المدير العام نسخة من تقرير
إعفائي ممضى من طرف السيد الوزير بتاريخ 3 جانفي 2013 وطلب مني الاستلام و التوقيع
و الرد على التقرير في أقرب الآجال و لكني رفضت استلام التقرير و طالبته بإرسال الوثيقة بطريقة رسمية
و هو ما تم بتاريخ 8 جانفي عن طريق ظرف سري موجه للسيد مدير المدرسة الوطنية
للمهندسين بتونس.</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo4; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">الرد على
المؤاخذات المقدمة لتبرير الإعفاء من الخطة الوظيفية</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">ردا على
المآخذ التي جاءت في تقرير السيد الوزير ستنحصر الملاحظات على أهم الأنشطة و
الانجازات التي قامت بها الإدارة العامة للتعاون الدولي منذ تولي الحكومة الحالية
أخذا بعين الاعتبار ما جاء آنفا (الفقرة 1) مع العلم أن كل أنشطة التعاون في مجال
التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي بين تونس و بقية دول العالم موثقة بالمؤلف الذي
أعدته الإدارة العامة للتعاون الدولي إضافة إلى التقرير السنوي الأخير. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1.3 المأخذ الأول : "محدودية
العلاقات الأوروبية و الأمريكية حيث لم يسجل مشاريع تعاون ذات أهمية لفائدة
الوزارة و البحث العلمي"<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">قبل الرد على هذا المأخذ يلاحظ عدم استقامة عبارة "العلاقات الأوروبية و الأمريكية" اذ
أن مصطلح "العلاقات الأوروبية" قابل لقراءتين اثنتين على الأقل
(العلاقات الثنائية مع الدول أو مع الاتحاد الأوروبي) خلافا للعلاقات الأمريكية التي
تقتصر على التعاون الثنائي بين الدول بقارة أمريكا.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 53.4pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo13; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">أ.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">العلاقات الأوروبية:</span></b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l31 level1 lfo14; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> العلاقات مع الدول الأوروبية:</span></b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 90.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo18; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لأول مرة في تاريخ التعاون التونسي الألماني تم نشر طلب
العروض لبرنامج التعاون التونسي الألماني (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TIGER</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)
في 30 نوفمبر 2012 تبعا لاتفاقية التعاون المبرمة بين وزارة التعليم العالي و
البحث العلمي و الوزارة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> الفدرالية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الألمانية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للتربية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والبحث<b>
في مارس 2012 و قد ترأس</b></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">السيد</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">المدير</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العام</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للتعاون</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الدولي الوفد التونسي. علما و أن هذه
المبادرة و المفاوضات التي أدت إلى إطلاق هذا البرنامج ترجع الى المدير العام
للتعاون الدولي باعتبار أهمية ألمانيا كرابع قوة اقتصادية عالميا و أول بلد أوروبي
اقتصاديا و تكنولوجيا و ضرورة تلافي الغياب المسجل في التعاون التونسي الألماني في
هذا المجال. مقارنة ببرامج التعاون المماثلة يتميز برنامج (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TIGER</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بمشاركة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مؤسسات
صناعية من كلى البلدين إلى جانب المؤسسات البحثية. و يهتم هذا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">البرنامج
بمجالات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الطاقات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">المتجددة والفلاحة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والتصرف</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في
الموارد,</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">نقل</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التكنولوجيا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وإدارة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الابتكار وروح المبادرة, البحث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مجال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العلوم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الاجتماعية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والعلوم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الإنسانية.
كما يساهم كل</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جانب</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تمويل المشاريع</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">لمدة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> 3 </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">سنوات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بقيمة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> 200.000 </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">أورو</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">سنويا. </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">يمكن الاطلاع على هذا العرض على الصفحة الرسمية للوزارة الألمانية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">على الموقع</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> التالي: </span><span lang="FR"><a href="http://www.bmbf.de/en/furtherance/20716.php"><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">http://www.bmbf.de/en/furtherance/20716.php</span></a></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 90.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo18; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بعث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مكتب</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للديوان</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الألماني</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> DAAD </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بتونس</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">خلال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">شهر</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جوان</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2012 <b>و</b></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تمكين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> 11 </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">طالبا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تونسيّا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مستوى</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الماجستير</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مختصين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مجالات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الطاقة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">المتجددة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">من</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">القيام</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بتربص</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">لمدّة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تتراوح</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> 6 </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">و</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> 9 </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">أشهر</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بمؤسسات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">اقتصادية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ألمانية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بداية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">من</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">شهر</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جانفي
</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> 2012</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span>. و تم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تنظيم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">هذه</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التربصات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بالتعاون</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وزارة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التعليم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العالي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والبحث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العلمي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ومؤسسات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ألمانية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بالتنسيق</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مع الغرفة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التونسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الألمانية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للصناعة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والتجارة. هذا و تكفلت</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الوزارة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بمصاريف</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التنقل</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الدولي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والتأمين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">حين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">أنّ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">المؤسسات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الألمانيّة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">أسندت</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">منحا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">لتغطية
مصاريف</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الإقامة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والمعيشة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="Style21" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 90.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: right 12.7pt 32.55pt; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">تم وضع اعتمادات من قبل الجانب
الفرنسي تقدر بـ</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> 300 ألف أورو </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">لتمو ل الإقامات العلمية رفيعة
المستوى </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span>(SSHN)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span> بعنوان سنة 2012 في مجالات متعددة مثل الاقتصاد
والعلوم الهندسية والحقوق والبيولوجيا وعلوم التصرف والفيزياء والكيمياء
والرياضيات والإعلامية والجيولوجيا والإلكترونيك. في هذا الاطار تمّ إسناد 100
منحة من ضمن 363 ملف.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="Style21" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 90.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: right 12.7pt 32.55pt; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">تم سنويا خلال الثلاث سنوات
الأخيرة رصد أكثر من </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">مئتي ألف
و مليوني دينار (2.200.000 د) كدعم </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">مالي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">مباشر</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">تقدمه</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">الجهة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">الإسبانية في نطاق التعاون الثنائي
لإنجاز</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">مشاريع</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">بحث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">مشتركة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">و لتغطية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">تكاليف</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">تنقل</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">وإقامة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">الباحثين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">والمتربصين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">من</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">الجانبين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">إضافة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">إلى اقتناء</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">تجهيزات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">إعلامية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">ومعدات مخبرية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">أو</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">موارد</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">بيبليوغرافية لصالح فرق</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">البحث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">التونسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l31 level1 lfo14; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">العلاقات مع
الاتحاد الأوروبي</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 126.0pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo23; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">مشاركة
تونس بانتظام و بفاعلية ممثلة في المدير العام للتعاون الدولي كعضو قار في لجنة
قيادة التعاون الأورو متوسطي في العلوم و التكنولوجيا (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MoCo</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>) مع العلم أن هذه
اللجنة تولت في الأشهر القليلة الماضية دراسة مجموعة من أدوات العمل و البرامج و
المبادرات بالإضافة إلى مصادر تمويل يمكن تعبئتها على مختلف المستويات من أجل دعم
التعاون الأورو متوسطي في البحث و التجديد المشترك و تم التركيز على مجموعة من
المجالات الاستراتيجيبة مثل الطاقة المتجددة, ازالة تلوث البيئة البحرية في
المتوسط, مكافحة الأمراض, الغذاء و الماء. في هذا الاطار تشارك تونس في عدة برامج
تعاون أهمها برنامج البحث و التطوير للاتحاد الأوروبي (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PCRD</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>) الذي يوفر سنويا
حولي <b>11 مليون أورو</b> كمنح لتمويل هذا التعاون.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 126.0pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo23; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">شهدت
المشاركة التونسية في برنامجي </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TEMPUS</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> و </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ERASMUS</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MENDUS </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> تراجعا بسبب غياب مكتب وطني ل </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TEMPUS </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> و الأحداث التي عرفتها
البلاد خلال سنة 2011 و لتجاوز هذه الصعوبات بادرت الإدارة العامة للتعاون الدولي
بالاضطلاع بمهمة هذا المكتب خاصة على ضوء وجود إمكانية تخصيص أكثر من <b>10 مليون
دينار</b> إضافية لتونس. مع العلم أن
الديوان تولى مهمة استئناف نشاط مكتب </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TEMPUS</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> بتونس إلا أن هذه
العملية باءت بالفشل و فقدان أجزاء هامة من الملف المعني. و لإنقاذ الوضعية و
بالاتفاق مع الديوان تولت الإدارة العامة هذه المهمة و قامت بالمطلوب في وقت قياسي
بالتنسيق مع المفوضية الاوروبية و كللت هذه العملية ببرمجة لجنة اختيار لمدير
المكتب 7 و 8 جانفي 2013 مما لاقى استحسان المفوضية الاوروبية و الجامعات و
اقترحنا في هذا الإطار تطبيق نفس التمشي على نقطة الاتصال الوطني لبرنامج البحث و
التطوير للاتحاد الاوروبي </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PCRD </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> اذ أن الوضعية الحالية غير مقبولة البتة و
مكلفة للمجموعة الوطنية .</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 126.0pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo23; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">في
إطار التعاون مع الاتحاد الأوروبي تمتعت تونس بهبة قدرها <b>12 مليون أورو</b>
لتمويل مشروع دعم منظومة البحث و التجديد</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>"</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Projet d’Appui au
Système de Recherche et de l’Innovation (PASRI)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>"</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span>,</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span>
على مدى</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">أربع
سنوات </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> (2011-2014)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> و يهدف إلى
استنباط حلول عملية </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">للمعوقات</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">الرئيسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="RTL"></span> التي تكبل سلسلة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">التجديد
ابتداءا من المؤسسة البحثية إلى السوق
الاستهلاكية مرورا بالمؤسسات الاقتصادية و الخدمات.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 126.0pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo23; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">قامت
الادارة العامة للتعاون الدولي و لأول مرة في نطاق التعاون مع الاتحاد الأوروبي
باطلاق عملية تقييم التعاون التونسي الأوروبي في مجال العلوم و التكنولوجيا للفترة
2008 -2012. و قد تولت الادارة العامة بالتنسيق مع المفوضية الأوروبية اختيار
خبيرين (خبير تونسي و خبيرة ألمانية) و تنظيم يوم دراسي حول الموضوع شارك فيه
حوالي 40 مدير مخبر/ مركز بحث. و قد تولى المدير العام للتعاون الدولي تنشيط هذا
اللقاء بحضور الخبيرين. كما تابع عمليات التقييم الأخرى التي تمثلت في اجراء
لقاءات مع مسؤولين ساميين في المؤسسات التونسية و المفوضية الأوروبية. في نطاق هذه
المتابعة أرسلت المفوضية الأوروبية المسودة الأولى لابداء الرأي و هو ما قام به
المدير العام للتعاون الدولي إضافة إلى توزيعها على أهم المتدخلين في منظومة البحث
الوطنية لإبداء الرأي. و قد تلقت الادارة العامة رد المفوضية الأوروبية على تقرير
المدير العام و أكدت على أهمية ما جاء فيه و العمل على الأخذ بملاحظاته في النص
النهائي للتقرير. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 53.4pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo13; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ب.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">العلاقات
الأمريكية<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo25; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لأول مرة خلال العشريتين الأخيرتين منح الكونغرس
الأمريكي هبة قيمتها <b>10 مليون دولار</b> لتمويل مشروع تعاون تونسي أمريكي يمكن
حوالي 200 طالب تونسي (100 منحة في مستوى الإجازة في الاختصاصات التقنية و 100
منحة لفائدة طلبة المعاهد العليا للدراسات التكنولوجية) من الدراسة لمدة سنة
بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية خلال السنة الجامعية 2013-2014 في الاختصاصات
التالية: الفلاحة و الهندسة التطبيقية و التصرف في الأعمال و تكنولوجيا المعلومات
و التصرف في الاعلام و السياحة و الفندقة. مع العلم أنه تم إقرار هذا المشروع تبعا
لمقترحات الإدارة العامة للتعاون الدولي بمناسبة انعقاد لجنة الشراكة السياسية و
الاقتصادية التونسية الأمريكية التي التأمت في سبتمبر 2011 بواشنطن. ترأس اللجنة
الاقتصادية المدير العام للتعاون الدولي مع زميله الأمريكي،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo25; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تحصلت تونس كذلك على تمويل بقد<b>ر 4 مليون دولار</b> من
قبل الحكومة الأمريكية لمشاريع شراكة بين جامعات امريكية و مؤسسات جامعية تونسية
من بينها المعاهد العليا للدراسات التكنولوجية بكل من سيدي بوزيد, مدنين و تطاوين
بهدف دعم تشغيلية المعاهد المذكورة. مع العلم أن هذا البرنامج نتيجة لمفاوضات لجنة
الشراكة السياسية المذكورة أعلاه، </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo25; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">نظمت الادارة العامة بالاشتراك مع المركز الأمريكي (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">AMIDEAST</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) تظاهرة لوضع خارطة طريق لفترة 3
- 5 سنوات </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لتوسيع
و تعزيز التعاون التونسي الأمريكي قصد تحسين جودة و فاعلية الجامعات التونسية و
إرساء بيئة أفضل للعمل و الحركية الاجتماعية بتونس و تم التركيز على ارساء شراكات
قوية و مستدامة. و عمل المدير العام على ادماج هذه التظاهرة ضمن مشروع اصلاح
منظومة التعليم العالي في تونس حيث وقع تشريك كل أعضاء لجنة الإصلاح مع العلم ان
هذه التظاهرة هي الوحيدة منذ انطلاق مشروع الاصلاح</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> الذي بادر به الوزير الحالي ابان توليه
مهامه </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">المأخذ الثاني "شبه انعدام العلاقات مع الدول
الإفريقية و العربية":<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">قبل الرد على هذه المؤاخذة من المهم استيعاب أساس
التعاون الدولي الذي يقوم على المصلحة الوطنية أولا و بالذات بشكل عام و على
الاستفادة من خبرة و تطور و إشعاع الشريك في ميدان التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي
بشكل خاص .في هذا الإطار يندرج التعاون مع الدول المغاربية أساسا ضمن المصلحة
الوطنية المباشرة باعتباره انخراطا في بناء المغرب العربي الكبير, في المقابل ينحصر التعاون مع البلدان الإفريقية و العربية
الأخرى في مساعدتها على تنمية مواردها البشرية و بنيتها التحتية و تضطلع بهذه المهمة
الوكالة الوطنية للتعاون الفني حيث يتولى المدير العام للتعاون الدولي تمثيل
الوزارة في مجلس الإدارة. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">ملاحظة هامة</span></u></b><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">:</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">
شهد التعاون مع الدول الإسلامية و العربية هذه السنة ديناميكية غير معهودة إما بابرام اتفاقيات و تبادل الزيارات أو
بتسجيل أعداد هامة و استثنائية لطلبة من هذه البلدان. وخلافا لما تقتضيه وظيفة
المدير العام للتعاون الدولي و ما دأبت عليه تقاليد العمل الوزاري, غيب المدير
العام من المشاركة في الزيارات التي قام بها الوزير لهذه البلدان و من الوفود الرسمية للوزارة. كما لم تتلقى
الادارة العامة أية معلومات أو تقارير على فحوى الزيارات و الاجتماعات مما يفقد
هذه الزيارات و المهام جدواها في غياب أية متابعة من الإدارة المعنية </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>!</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">و تماشيا مع أسس التعاون سابقة الذكر</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>
و غياب أية معلومة في خصوص ما تقرر خلال زيارات الوزير و الوفود الرسمية, قامت
الإدارة العامة بعدة مبادرات يذكر منها:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> إنشاء لجنة استشرافية
في نطاق التعاون التونسي الجزائري تؤسس لمستقبل العلاقات بين البلدين في مجالات
التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي لوضع الخطوط الكبرى لبرنامج يكون منطلقا لأعمال
الفرق في المجالات المذكورة و يكون لها دور الإشراف و التنسيق و المتابعة لمختلف
برامج التعاون بين البلدين و وضع اللبنة
الأولى في صرح فضاء التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي المغاربي،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">توقيع
برنامج</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تنفيذي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للتعاون</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مجال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التعليم</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العالي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الجمهورية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التونسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وليبيا استجابة للوضع الراهن في
البلدين و تحقيق مزيد التعاون و التبادل العلمي لاسيما على مستوى تقديم المساعدة
الفنية و نقل الخبرات للجانب الليبي و استشراف آفاق أرحب للشراكة الاستراتيجية في
المجالات الراجعة بالنظر إلى الوزارة. و في هذا الإطار و تحسبا لما يمكن أن تعبر
عنه ليبيا في تشغيل أطر تونسية مع مزيد تأهيلهم مهاريا , استبقت الإدارة العامة
ذلك و اتخذت التدابير اللازمة مع الادارتين العامتين للتعليم العالي و الدراسات
التكنولوجية و المتمثلة في احتضان المعاهد العليا للدراسات التكنولوجية مهم
التكوين هذه على أن توزع الجهود على هذه المؤسسات استنادا إلى مختلف الاختصاصات</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">،</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">توقيع و لأول مرة كذلك </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">اتفاق</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بين</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">حكومة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الجمهورية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">التونسية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وحكومة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جمهورية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">جنوب</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">إفريقيا</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للتعاون</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العلمي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">والتكنولوجي
يركز على وضع</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">برامج</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مشتركة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">للبحث</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">العلمي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">خاصة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">مجال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الدراسات الطبية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">و</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بصفة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">أخص</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">تلك</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">المتصلة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بالأمراض</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الموجودة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">بعض</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">البلدان</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الإفريقية</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">،<b> </b></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; mso-pagination: widow-orphan lines-together; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">في اطار التعاون الثلاثي بين تونس و الهند و افريقيا تم
اختيار معهد باستور بتونس كمخبر امتياز في القارة الافريقية مما يمكن هذا المعهد
من الاضطلاع بدور ريادي في القارة في تطوير الكفاءات والبحوث تمهيدا لارساء صناعة
أدوية و لقاحات في تونس بالتعاون مع الهند لفائدة السوق الاقليمية خاصة منها
افريقيا.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo26; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 22.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">حرصا من تونس على التعاون مع البلدان الافريقية
خاصة منها بجنوب الصحراء و الدول العربية خاصة بالمشرق العربي أبرمت المؤسسات الجامعية
التونسية عدة اتفاقيات تعاون مع نظيراتها في هذه البلدان و سجلت عددا من الطلبة مع
مراعاة طاقة استيعابها و ذلك تحت اشراف الإدارة العامة. فيما يلي احصائيات في الغرض
تبين تطور هذا التعاون مع هذه الدول و غيرها:
</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 22.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo29; text-align: right; text-indent: -36.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">أ.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">ابرام اتفاقيات التعاون الجامعي</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">يعتبر
تفعيل اتفاقيات التعاون التي تبرمها الجامعات مع نظيراتها الأجنبيّة من أهم
الوسائل التي يمكن اعتمادها لما توفره للأساتذة والباحثين من فرص قصد القيام ببحوث
مشتركة وحضور ملتقيات وندوات وورشات عمل والترفيع في عدد الشهادات المزدوجة
والإشراف المشترك على أطروحات الدكتوراه. وقد تطوّر عدد هذه الاتفاقيات مع مختلف البلدان من <b>655</b> سنة
<b>2004</b> إلى <b>1098</b> اتفاقية سنة <b>2011، </b>كما هو موضح في الجدول
والرسم البياني التاليين: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-right: 3pt; width: 667px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td colspan="9" style="background: #95B3D7; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 500.05pt;" width="667"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">تطور عدد اتفاقيات التعاون بين الجامعات التونسية
ونظيراتها الأجنبية</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">البلدان/السنة</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2004</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2005</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2006</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2007</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2008</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2009</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2010</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2011</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">المغرب العربي</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>3</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>45</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>48</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>4</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>54</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>76</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>78</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>82<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">المشرق العربي </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>40</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>44</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>47</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>50</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>51</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>53</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>54</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>53</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">الإفريقية</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>7</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>7</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">الأوروبية</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">49</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>4</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">5</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>71</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">62</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>9</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>678</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>701</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>716</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">724<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>808</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">الآسياوية</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">1</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">16<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">2</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">2</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>5</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">3</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>5</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">3</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>6</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">38<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>42</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">القارة الأمريكية</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">6</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>9</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">8</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>4</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>3</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>6</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>96</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>403</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">أستراليا</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: white; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>3</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 9; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 80.4pt;" width="107"><div class="MsoNormal" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">المجموع</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 62.0pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>655</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">75</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>6</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 68.8pt;" width="92"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">83</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>7</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 61.95pt;" width="83"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>900</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 47.1pt;" width="63"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">9</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>41</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 43.45pt;" width="58"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">9</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>84</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>998</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 19.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 31.85pt;" width="42"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1098</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: right 20.45pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: right 20.45pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 25.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">ب.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">تسجيل الطلبة الأجانب بالمؤسسات الجامعية العمومية
التونسية<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -.6pt; margin-right: -3.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: right 42.0pt 51.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 17.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">تضع وزارة
التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي على ذمّة البلدان الشقيقة والصديقة وإثر المداولات
المشتركة وبالرّجوع إلى البرامج التنفيذية ومحاضر اللّجان المشتركة عددا من المنح
الدراسية وعددا من المقاعد الدراسية بدون منحة. وتتبادل أيضا عددا من المنح
والمقاعد مع العديد من البلدان تحددها اجتماعات فرق التبادل الطلابي.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">وتقدّم الوزارة منحا ومقاعد دراسية لطلبة أغلب البلدان
الإسلامية وغيرها بجامعة الزيتونة، وذلك تلبية للطلبات الملحّة لتعلّم قيم
الاعتدال والتسامح والتنوير ضمن الدراسات الإسلاميّة. وتسمح لكلّ الطلبة المتميزين
والمتخرجين من الجامعات التونسية بمواصلة الدراسات العليا وتمتيع المعوزين منهم
بمنح، كما تستجيب لرغبات العديد من البلدان الشقيقة والصديقة التي لا تربطها
بوزارة التعليم العالي اتّفاقيات تعاون في التسجيل بالمرحلة الثالثة، وذلك انسجاما
مع مصلحة تونس وحتّى تمكّن العديد من هذه البلدان من كفاءات علميّة تلبي حاجياتها
من المكوّنين في كلّ الميادين وتدعم تطوّرها العلمي والتقني.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">وقد
تم خلال التسع سنوات جامعية الأخيرة تسجيل <b>3493</b> طالبا أجنبيا مثلما هو مبين
بالجدول التالي:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: center;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; mso-table-dir: bidi; mso-yfti-tbllook: 160; width: 702px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td colspan="11" style="background: #95B3D7; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 526.2pt;" valign="top" width="702"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">تطور عدد الطلبة الأجانب الجدد
المسجلين بالمؤسسات الجامعية العمومية التونسية</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">البلد/السنة</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2005</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2004<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2006</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2005<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2007</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2006<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2008</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2007<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2009</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2008<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2010</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2009<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2011</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>/</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>2010<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2011</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">/</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2012</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>2012/2013</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المجمـوع</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">إفريقيا جنوب الصحراء</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">190<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">122<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">153<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">139<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">150<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">167<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">240<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>169</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>174</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin: 0cm -3.25pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1335</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المغرب العربي</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">103<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">116<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">129<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">125<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">183<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">168<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">211<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>156</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>202</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1237</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">الخليج والمشرق العربي</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">136<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">90<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">105<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">98<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">83<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>66</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>96</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>756</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">أوروبا</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">19<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">16<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>29</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>40</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>150</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">آسيا</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">13<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>33</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>37</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>101</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">القارة الأمريكية</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>1</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>-</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>9</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 76.0pt;" width="101"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المجموع</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">455<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">349<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">392<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">397<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">458<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">425<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">563<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.35pt;" width="60"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>454</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 45.55pt;" valign="top" width="61"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>549</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 39.45pt;" width="53"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span>3588</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">وبالرجوع إلى الإحصائيات المبينة بهذا الجدول نلاحظ أن
الطلبة الأفارقة احتلوا المرتبة الأولى مقارنة ببقية الطلبة الأجانب في التسجيل
بالمؤسسات الجامعية العمومية التونسية خلال السنوات الجامعية الأخيرة. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">هذا
وقد سجل عدد الطلبة الأجانب المتخرجين من المؤسسات الجامعية العمومية التونسية
تطورا ملموسا مثلما هو مبين بالجدول
والرسم البياني التاليين :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-right: 3.25pt; width: 662px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td colspan="9" nowrap="" style="background: #95B3D7; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 496.3pt;" width="662"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif; font-size: 12pt;">حوصلة
لإحصائيات الطلبة المتخرجين من المؤسسات الجامعية العمومية التونسية خلال الفترة 2004-2010</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">البلد/السنة</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2005-2004<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2006-2005<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2007-2006<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2008-2007<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2009-2008<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 9pt;">2010-2009<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المجمـوع</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">النسبة</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المغرب العربي </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">149<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">84<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">78<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">175<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">176<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">193<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #D6E3BC; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">855<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">32,9%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المشرق العربي</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">102<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">84<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">83<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">154<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">133<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">250<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #D6E3BC; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">806<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">31,0%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">إفريقيا</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">92<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">103<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">95<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">129<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">224<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">183<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #D6E3BC; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">826<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">31,8%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">أوروبا</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">24<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #D6E3BC; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">79<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">3,0%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="background: white; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">أمريكا وآسيا</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">−<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #D6E3BC; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">32<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">1,2%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 71.05pt;" width="95"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic', serif;">المجمـوع العـام</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">351<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">276<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">273<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">479<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">569<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">650<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">2598<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="background: #C2D69B; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 14.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; width: 35.45pt;" width="47"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 9pt;">100%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: -7.15pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;">
<br clear="ALL" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: right 28.25pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">يتضح من الجدول
ارتفاع ملحوظ في عدد الطلبة الأجانب
المتخرجين من المؤسسات الجامعية العمومية التونسية وذلك بالتساوي بين الطلبة الوافدين من بلدان
المغرب العربي والمشرق العربي والأفارقة مما يفسر إقبال الطلبة هذه المناطق على
مواصلة دراساتهم بالبلاد التونسية لما يجدونه من جودة في التكوين.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: right 28.25pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 23.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: right 28.25pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">كما يتضح من خلال الجدول والرسم الياني التاليين أنه خلال الفترة المتراوحة
بين 2004 و2010 تم تسجيل نسب مرتفعة ومتقاربة من الطلبة الأجانب المتخرجين
في اختصاصات الآداب واللغات والعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية (25</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) والعلوم الطبية والشبه طبية (22</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) في حين لم يتم تخرج سوى 3</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> في اختصاص الفنون والسياحة
والرياضة والتنشيط و 4 </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> في كل من اختصاصات العلوم الفلاحية والبيوتكنولوجيا
والبيئة والحقوق والعلوم السياسية.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">المأخذ الثالث "علاقته المتوترة مع محيطه المهني و
كثرة التشكيات الواردة في شأنه من قبل الأعوان الراجعين إليه بالنظر":<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo31; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لم يتم اعلام المدير العام اطلاقا شفاهيا أو كتابيا أو
حتى لفت انتباهه من أية جهة كانت بوجود أي
تشكيات في شأنه من قبل أعوان الادارة العامة للتعاون الدولي مع العلم أن طريقة
العمل الصارمة بالادارة العامة و و حالة التسيب و عدم الانضباط بالوزارة يشجع على
مثل هذه التشكيات. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo31; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">يستدعي حسن التصرف الاداري وقواعد ادارة الموارد البشرية
في مثل هذه الحالات التثبت في جدية مثل هذه التشكيات و اعلام المعني بالأمر و
اتخاذ الاجراءات اللازمة و هو ما لم يحصل. على هذا الأساس يستنتج أن هذه التشكيات
حتى و ان وجدت تافهة و لا تستدعي أي اهتمام. كما ان مجرد ورودها في تقرير الاعفاء يثير الاستغراب و يجعل من هذه
الماخذة غير جدية و موجهة.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo31; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">و أخيرا و ليس آخرا كانت الفرصة متاحة للأعوان للتعبير
عن مواقفهم و حتى رفع عبارة "</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">DEGAGE</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>" كما فعلوا إزاء الوزير و رئيس الديوان و
العديد من المديرين العاميين و المديرين بالوزارة في جانفي 2011. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo4; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">ملاحظات حول ظروف
العمل داخل الوزارة:</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تمثل المذكرات الادارية الالية الأساسية للعمل و التواصل
بين السيد الوزير و الادارات العامة. في هذا النطاق وجهت الادارة العامة للتعاون
الدولي على الأقل 200 مذكرة إلى السيد
الوزيرو ما يلاحظ أن عددا من هذه المذكرات بقي دون اجابة و بالنسبة للاجابات حضي
45</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> منها بتعليمات و توقيع السيد الوزير أما البقية تم
الاجابة عليها و توقيعها من طرف السيد رئيس الديوان</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">ردود السيد الوزير و رئيس ديوانه كانت بالموافقة على كل
المقترحات من سياسات و برامج و اتفاقيات واردة في مذكرات الادارة العامة باستثناء
تحديد تواريخ الأنشطة حسب روزنامته و تعيين مرافقيه خلال الزيارات إلى الخارج و
أعضاء البعثات التونسية إلى الخارج. </span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">خلافا لما تقتضيه وظيفة المدير العام للتعاون الدولي و
ما دأبت عليه تقاليد العمل داخل الوزارة, تم تغييب المدير العام للتعاون الدولي من
المشاركة في الزيارات التي قام بها الوزير و من ترأس أو حتى المشاركة في الوفود
الرسمية للوزارة. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لم
تتلقى الادارة العامة أية معلومات أو تقارير عن فحوى هذه الزيارات و الاجتماعات
مما يفقد هذه الزيارات و المهام جدواها في غياب أية متابعة من الإدارة
المعنية </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>!</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">لم يصدر عن السيد الوزير أية تعليمات شفاهية كانت أو
كتابية تتعلق بالسياسات الوطنية و الاتجاهات الكبرى و أولويات المرحلة للوزارة في خصوص
التعاون الدولي باستثناء تعليمات شفاهية جاءت على لسان السيد رئيس الديوان تتعلق
بمزيد دعم التعاون الثنائي بين الدول المغاربية. و في هذا الصدد ذكر المدير العام
أن الادارة العامة رفعت مذكرة إلى السيد الوزير تقترح النسج على منوال اللجنة
الاستشرافية التونسية الجزائرية التي حضيت بنجاح كبير مع المغرب الشقيق الا أن هذا
المقترح لم يحض بالجواب </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">يلاحظ في بعض الحالات التي تستوجب تعيين مسؤولين
للمشاركة في المشاريع أو التظاهرات أو عضوية بعض اللجان في نطاق التعاون الدولي تغيير
التعيينات مما يؤدي إلى ارباك الاجراءات و في بعض الحالات يسبب حرجا للادارة
العامة و الوزارة,</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">يذكر أن ملفات الادارة العامة للتعاون الدولي متعددة و
معقدة و متشعبة اذ يقوم بانجازها عدة متدخلين في بلدان و مؤسسات عدة و تتولى
الادارة العامة عملية التنسيق و المتابعة و الحث على بلوغ النتائج المرتقبة. و لكن
للأسف دأب الديوان على ادارة العديد من هذه الملفات في تغييب كلي للادارة العامة
مما انجرعنه أخطاء عدة في انجاز مشاريع التعاون أثر سلبا على مصالح المجموعة
الوطنية. على سبيل المثال وقع بصفة رسمية تقديم مشروع تونسي اوروبي جديد في نطاق
البرنامج الاطاري للبحث للاتحاد الاوروبي يحمل عنوان</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">Europe-Tunisia Coopertaion For the Future </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span> تم اعداده دون تشريك الادارات المعنية بالوزارة
و في غياب ملائمته للأولويات الوطنية مع وجود بعض الشركاء المشبوه فيهم. على ضوء
هذه المعطيات التي غابت على الديوان وُجهت مذكرتين إلى السيد الوزير حول هذه العملية
اقترح فيهما تغيير مقاربة الوزارة بخصوص التعامل مع المشاريع الممولة من قبل
الاتحاد الأوروبي قصد تحقيق انتفاع أمثل بها في قطاع البحث و التجديد بتونس. و قد
نبه المدير العام في هاتين المذكرتين أن الوزارة و القطاع سيكونان ملزمين بتبعات
هذا المشروع إن تم اختياره للتمويل و لم يحضا هذا الملف بأي اهتمام.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">على الرغم من معارضة المدير العام للتعاون الدولي تم
تمكين عدد هام من الطلبة الأجانب من التسجيل في المؤسسات الجامعية التونسية دون
الاخذ بعين الاعتبار طاقتي الاستيعاب و التأطير داخل المؤسسات الجامعية و الكلفة
الباهظة لهذه العملية.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تمت نقلة مدير و رئيس مصلحة من الإدارة العامة للتعاون
الدولي إلى وزارة الشؤون الدينية حيث أصبح الثاني رئيس الديوان و الأول مدير عام
بدون استشارة المدير العام أو سابق إعلامه. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">على الرغم من استفحال ظاهرة الغياب وعدم التقيد بمواقيت العمل الاداري لم يتخذ
الوزير أي قرار أو موقف في الغرض و اقتصر على الاجتماع مع المديرين العاميين و
المديرين و حثهم على التقيد بالتوقيت الاداري دون اصدار أي منشور أو مكتوب في
الغرض مما استدعى المدير العام للتعاون الدولي اصدار مذكرة داخلية صارمة في الغرض,</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 39.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo34; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">وردت على المدير العام عدة دعوات اسمية من بلدان و
منظمات دولية مرموقة توجه عادة لموظفين سامين معروفين لدى الجهة المضيفة و ذلك
للاسئناس بخبراتهم و مسارهم المهني الا أن الوزارة لم تتعامل مع هذه الدعوات
الاسمية حسب المعايير الدولية المتعارف عليها ففي عديد المرات عينت أشخاصا اخرين
أو ألزمت المعني بالأمر بالاعتذار معللة ذلك بأسباب غير مقنعة مما تسبب في احراج
للمدير العام و الأطراف الأجنبية المضيفة. على سبيل المثال عينت الوزارة مسؤولا
اخر لتلبية دعوة اسمية و جهت من طرف منظمة التعاون و التنمية الاقتصادية " </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">OCDE</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="RTL"></span>" للمدير العام للمشاركة في مؤتمرها العام رفيع
المستوى الذي انعقد من17 إلى 19 سبتمبر 2012 بباريس فرفض هذا الاقتراح و حرمت تونس
من المشاركة في هذه التظاهرة الدولية عالية المستوى في ظرف تونس في حاجة إلى كسب
ثقة و تقدير الرأي العام الدولي</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo4; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> مؤاخذاتي حول التقرير و مطالبي </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 54.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo37; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">المؤاخذة الوحيدة التي أسوقها إلى الاستاذ المنصف بن
سالم هي طريقة التعاطي مع هذا الإعفاء التي افتقدت أدنى درجات التقدير لما قدمته للإدارة طيلة عقد و
غاب عنها احترام رابط الزمالة الجامعية الذي ما فتئت تذكر فضله عند لقاءك كبار
الزائرين للوزارة لما وفره لك من دعم داخل و خاصة خارج الوطن طوال محنتك.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo35; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">أحترم كليا السلطة التقديرية للسيد الوزير في قرار
الإعفاء و أبادله الرأي خاصة على ضوء الظروف التي سبق و ذكرتها,</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo35; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">بالنسبة للمؤاخذات الواردة في تقرير الاعفاء فهي مردود
عليها اذ انها تمثل افتراءات ليس لها أي مبرر. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo35; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">على هذا الاساس اطالب بسحب المؤاخذات المقدمة في التقرير
و التنصيص على إنهاء المهام بالتراضي في أجل لا يتجاوز موفى شهر فيفري 2013.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo35; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">في حالة عدم الاستجابة لهذا الطلب في الآجال المذكورة
سأتخذ الإجراءات القانونية اللازمة لرد الاعتبار لشخصي و رفع القضية للسلط المعنية و/ أو اطلاع الرأي العام إذا
استوجب الأمر.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 18pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">اخيرا لا يسعني إلا أن أتقدم بالشكر الجزيل و وافر الاحترام و التقدير إلى السيد الوزير و
كل زملائي بالوزارة متمنيا لهم كل التوفيق خاصة المدير العام الجديد للتعاون
الدولي و كل من ساهم في تمتيعي بهذه الفرصة لخدمة الوطن خاصة في الظرف الراهن. و
السلام.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 18pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: 18pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">الأستاذ جلال الزين<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-84148509904986897052013-06-15T06:07:00.001-07:002013-06-25T09:29:05.162-07:00ST&I: Un Bateau de Sauvetage pour la Tunisie!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]--></span></b><br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156">
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="//img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:#0400;
mso-fareast-language:#0400;
mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]--></span></b></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156">
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="//img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:#0400;
mso-fareast-language:#0400;
mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
</span></b></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Résumé:</span></b></b></span></b></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Cette modeste contribution intervient à un moment
où la Tunisie
cherche à trouver son chemin vers une véritable démocratie, une croissance
équitable ainsi que la dignité pour son peuple. Le chômage des jeunes en
général et celui des diplômés du supérieur en particulier ont constitué le
carburant principal de la Révolution du Jasmin. À moins d’identifier les
véritables causes sous-jacentes, toutes les solutions prescrites, aussi
ingénieuses soit-elles, ne produiront pas les résultats collectivement désirés.
Ce bref document, tente de montrer que la cause-clé sous-jacente, et donc le
talon d'Achille de la Tunisie,
est la mauvaise structure de son industrie. Le cadre analytique du Système National
d’Innovation (SNI) est utilisé pour s'attaquer à ce problème complexe et
durable. Des indicateurs normalisés, couvrant les principales composantes du
SNI, sont utilisés dans le but de démystifier les coupables et d'engager un
processus curatif collectif pour notre société souffrante.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Introduction:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Le 14 janvier 2011, le peuple tunisien libre a chassé du
pouvoir son dirigeant corrompu et a collectivement voulu construire une société
démocratique moderne éprise de paix. Le 23 octobre 2012, il a confirmé son
choix historique et organisé les premières élections démocratiques réussies. La Révolution
de Jasmin qui continue, ponctuée par ces deux dates clés, a été un paisible
réveil spontané sans idéologie, sans hiérarchie, réclamant la justice sociale
et économique. Elle a été activée par la soif du peuple pour la dignité, la paix
et la démocratie, les mots brise-chaînes de nos poètes et les prières qui
cherchent des bénédictions divines pour nos martyrs qui ont donné leur sang
pour la liberté ou qui sont mort en attente d'une miche de pain. Ces événements
sans précédent ont déclenché le Printemps Arabe et inspiré le Mouvement Occupy.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Malgré le succès des élections, le processus politique
relativement démocratique et le soutien de la communauté internationale, la Tunisie
est encore aux prises, entre autres, avec un chômage élevé, des inégalités
régionales significatives et une corruption croissante. Il va sans dire que
cette situation durable est le résultat de près d'un demi-siècle de leadership
autocratique, exacerbée par une transition post-révolution de deux ans trop
irrégulière. En effet, au moment d’écrire ces mots, le chef du gouvernement de
la troïka a présenté sa démission, après avoir échoué à constituer un gouvernement
réduit apolitique et composé de technocrates; ceci, à la suite d'une première, et
espérons dernière, exécution politique fermement condamnée.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Ces échecs gouvernementaux successifs, témoignent de
l'incapacité des dirigeants politiques, au sein et hors du gouvernement, à appréhender
les problèmes les plus urgents. Ils ont continué à parler de plusieurs
questions comme la sécurité, la croissance nationale et régionale, ainsi que de
l'emploi, sans proposer d'actions ou de plans viables pour gagner la confiance
de la population et commencer à alléger la pression sociale. La dernière
spirale de deux ans, menant à un grotesque assassinat politique commis de
sang-froid, a été accélérée par une lutte acharnée pour le pouvoir, un populisme
futile et une absence de volonté et/ou de compétence pour démystifier les
véritables causes de la crise. En fait et au mieux, presque toutes les actions
et les programmes déployés nous rappellent le gouvernement d’avant la
révolution !</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">La crise du chômage des jeunes a été le témoin d’une
défaillance systémique persistante, une bombe à retardement qui a été
systématiquement ignorée, en faveur d’une restriction des libertés, d’une intimidation
des citoyens et du pillage du pays, mais abordée théâtralement avec des politiques
illusoires. Cette situation de chômage était caractérisée par un pourcentage
élevé, apparemment absurde mais symptomatique, de diplômés du supérieur sans
emploi. En effet et pendant la dernière décennie ou presque, plus le demandeur
d'emploi était instruit moins il/elle avait de chances à trouver un emploi !
Cette situation absurde sera dénommée le Paradoxe Tunisien.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Une vision post
révolution:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">La Tunisie</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> post
révolution dispose d’une occasion unique et historique d'exploiter
intelligemment ses avantages concurrentiels et de rattraper rapidement les pays
développés, tout en prenant en même temps les devants pour devenir une <b>Société
du Savoir Durable</b> (SSD). Cette vision à long terme stipule que la Tunisie
assure sa place sur la scène internationale comme une société fondée sur le
savoir, où la croissance durable induite par l'innovation, le capital humain
créatif et habile avec un esprit d’entreprise et un système politique
démocratique, ouvrent la voie à une compétitivité des forces économiques et de
travail, une croissance durable équitable et inclusive à l’échelle nationale et
régionale, ainsi que l'amélioration du bien-être local et global. Il est
intéressant de noter, que les causes de la Révolution
du Jasmin, du Printemps Arabe et le Mouvement Occupy sont symptomatiques des
mêmes maux sociaux, faisant de la Tunisie du Savoir Durable une expérience
digne d'attention pour le reste de la planète.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Pour concrétiser cette vision, la Tunisie doit adopter plus
que jamais, une approche systémique où les quatre piliers de l'Economie du
Savoir (ES) sont harmonieusement combinés dans le temps et dans l'espace. Pour converger
rapidement et solidement vers la vision énoncée ci-dessus, il est nécessaire de
créer un environnement favorable à l'innovation pour une création efficace, la diffusion
et l’utilisation du savoir par le biais d’un <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Régime Economique et Institutionnel</b> proactif. Il est aussi
nécessaire de disposer d'une population éduquée et compétente capable
d'utiliser efficacement le savoir grâce à un <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Système Educatif</b> flexible et réactif de haute qualité et de faciliter
la communication, la diffusion et le traitement de l'information au moyen d’une
infrastructure moderne de <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Technologies de
l'Information et de la
Communication (TIC)</b>. Il est enfin nécessaire de poursuivre
vaillamment à la fois la connexion et l'assimilation du savoir global, mais
aussi l'adaptation et la création d’un savoir local pour le bénéfice
socio-économique via un <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Système National
d'Innovation</b> (SNI) viable.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Alors que les quatre piliers de
l’ES ci-dessus sont nécessaires à la fondation d'une économie prospère basée <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>sur le savoir, ils restent insuffisants quant
à la réalisation d'une société durable. Afin de garantir la durabilité, il est
fondamental de mieux caractériser la Société du Savoir (SS) que nous allons
construire en général et le type d'innovations que nous allons produire en
particulier. Dans ce cadre, la croissance économique, la cohésion sociale et la
protection de l'environnement doivent aller main dans la main pour faire du
développement durable une partie intégrante de l'élaboration des politiques.
Les dimensions complémentaires d’ES et de durabilité, intégrées dans un cadre
systémique nécessitent une gouvernance adaptée et une architecture institutionnelle
cybernétique capable des fonctions requises de direction, de surveillance et de
coordination.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Evidemment, avoir une vision,
une forte volonté de la poursuivre et même une occasion unique de la lancer est
loin d'être suffisant si les substrats socio-politiques, institutionnels et matériels
minimaux n'existent pas! En effet, la Tunisie est un pays avec des ressources
naturelles restreintes, une élaboration de politiques de ST&I et des expériences
de gestion en R&D limitées et des institutions de coordination et de
contrôle en ST&I quasi-inexistantes et, au mieux, non fonctionnelles. Ainsi,
pour que la Tunisie
converge <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>rapidement et progressivement vers
une telle vision, elle doit garantir l’adhésion de toutes les parties
prenantes, rechercher clairement et concevoir des secteurs polarisant de
croissance stratégique avec un portefeuille d’initiatives phares de croissance dans
le cadre d'un plan d’action global et cohérent de développement à long terme.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Les économies fortes comptent
généralement sur trois principaux secteurs phares, à savoir, l’armement, l'espace
et la santé. Les petits pays, tels que la Tunisie, disposant de ressources
naturelles limitées, d'un marché réduit, d'une main-d'œuvre bon marché mais
néanmoins en léger recul, ainsi que d' une base hautement qualifiée et relativement
forte, a cependant le potentiel de s'engager avec succès dans des secteurs et
des technologies à haute valeur ajoutée, tout en investissant de manière viable
dans des secteurs utiles pour sa sécurité stratégique, comme par exemple,
l'agriculture, l’énergie et l’eau.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Afin que la vision ci-dessus
réussisse et mène ainsi vers la durabilité, il est nécessaire d’œuvrer à l'instauration
d'une société de consommation et de production durables dont la performance pérenne
est mesurée par des indicateurs appropriés, tels que son empreinte.
Simultanément, la Tunisie
doit focaliser dès le départ sur les technologies éco-efficaces et aller
progressivement mais sûrement vers l'innovation verte avec un engagement entrepreneurial
fort et dynamique, renforcé par des investissements publics agressifs. Pour y
arriver, ainsi que pour renforcer sa résilience face aux perturbations, la Tunisie a besoin de toute
urgence de développer ses capacités et d’acquérir le savoir-faire, les méthodologies
et les outils adéquats, en particulier l’analyse et la conception fondées sur
des éléments tangibles, la planification et la gestion stratégique, la prospective
pour le développement, la réorientation et l’établissement de priorités pour le
SNI et l’élaboration de feuilles de routes pour la technologie et l'innovation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Revigoré par cette vision ainsi
que les stratégies viables et les plans d'action nécessaires pour l'atteindre,
le peuple tunisien sera en mesure de reprendre espoir, de donner confiance à son
leadership et de travailler dur en attendant avec impatience un avenir meilleur
pour lui-même et pour ses enfants. Néanmoins, cela n'est possible que si le
contexte politique est mûr pour une telle entreprise. Tout en préparant les
bases nécessaires pour lancer cette vision et gagner autant de terrain que
possible pour la mise en œuvre réussie de ce processus long et complexe qui
durera quelques décennies, le gouvernement actuel, avec le soutien de
l'opposition et de toutes les institutions concernées devrait s'entendre sur
une convention inclusive post révolution, s'abstenir de jeux de pouvoir
politique et garantir les trois nécessités suivantes : (i) la sécurité, (ii)
des emplois pour les jeunes et (iii) le redémarrage de l'économie. Une
tentative de mettre en œuvre un projet similaire, a été initié par l'ancien
chef du gouvernement et immédiatement abandonné par le principal parti
politique, dont le Secrétaire Général n'est rien d'autre que l'initiateur!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Un Système d’Innovation
en devenir</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Un Héritage d'Innovation de
Trois Millénaires:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Au cours des trois derniers
millénaires, la Tunisie
a été un lieu d'exception pour le mélange, le rayonnement et la floraison de
plusieurs civilisations telles que les Carthaginois, les Romains et les
Hafsides. L'ouverture du pays aux autres cultures, sa tolérance ethnique et
religieuse, a coïncidé avec sa prospérité telle qu’attestée par la
diversification de ses marchés et de son commerce, ainsi que par sa maîtrise de
la science et de l'innovation</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">La Tunisie vu le savoir
prospérer pendant son ère Carthaginoise. L’architecture, la construction
navale, l'irrigation et l'agriculture étaient parmi les nombreux secteurs
réussis tel qu’attesté, entre autres, par les 28 volumes du Traité de Magon du 4<sup>ème</sup>
siècle avant JC.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Dès le VIIe siècle, la Tunisie a joué un rôle clé
et a vu sa capitale Kairouan, devenir une plaque tournante des activités intellectuelles
et d'apprentissage dans le monde arabo-musulman. La grande mosquée de Kairouan,
fondée en 670, ainsi que sa branche d'enseignement a été un centre d'éducation pour
la pensée islamique et les sciences profanes. Parmi ses anciens élèves et ses
savants, Ibn Al Jazzar, un médecin musulman influent de X<sup>ème</sup> siècle,
bien connu pour son livre "Zad Al-Musaffir" (le viatique). Au cours
du XIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, Tunis devint la capitale de l'Ifriqiya. Ce
changement de pouvoir a contribué à l’épanouissement de la mosquée Al-Zaytouna,
hôte de la première et de la plus grande université dans l'histoire de l'Islam,
comme principal centre islamique d'apprentissage et de savoir. Ibn Khaldoun, un
universitaire tunisien, est le plus célèbre parmi les nombreux anciens
étudiants de cette institution. Il est plus connu pour son Al-muqaddimah (Le
Prologue) et est considéré comme l'un des pères de l'historiographie moderne.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">La Tunisie Beylicale du XIX<sup>ème</sup>
siècle a vu la création par Ahmed Bey, de l'Ecole Technique en 1840 et du
Collège Militaire du Bardo en 1855. Cet effort de modernisation a continué avec
Mohamed Sadok Bey, sous l'influence de son ministre Kheireddine Pacha par la
création, entre autres, du Collège Sadiki en 1875, en partie inspiré du système
éducatif européen. L'ex-président Habib Bourguiba est parmi ses anciens élèves.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">L'ère
du protectorat français, a vu la création d'un certain nombre d’institutions de
recherche, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>dont, sous leurs appellations
actuelles, l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis en 1893, l'Institut National
Agronomique en 1898 et l’Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer en 1924. Après la seconde
guerre mondiale, les institutions de recherche sus-cités ont été complétées par
l'Institut des Hautes Etudes de Tunis en 1945, rattaché à l'Université de
Paris. Parmi ses étudiants, 300 tunisiens étaient inscrits.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Le Précurseur du Système d’Innovation:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">La Tunisie</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> indépendante a très tôt répondu à ses besoins en
éducation et en recherche avec plusieurs réalisations socio-économiques. Le
pays a rapidement répondu à ces défis par la création de l'Ecole Normale
Supérieure, en 1956 et l'Institut National Agronomique de Tunis, précédemment
dénommé Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture de Tunis, en 1959. Ces réalisations ont
été suivies par la création de l'Université de Tunis en 1960. L'Université comprend
la Faculté des Sciences, la
Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, la Faculté de Droit, Sciences
Politiques et Economiques, la
Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie et la Faculté de Théologie,
l'ancienne Zitouna. Presque simultanément, le Centre de Recherche sur les Problèmes
des Régions Arides et le Centre d’Etudes de Recherches Economiques et Sociales
(CERES), ont été créés en 1961 et 1962 respectivement. L'Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs
de Tunis (ENIT) a été créé en 1969.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Il
est important de noter que près d'une décennie après la création de la première
université en Tunisie, il a été décidé en 1968, d'abandonner le système
universitaire et de placer tous les établissements d'enseignement supérieur et les
centres de recherche nationaux sous le contrôle de Direction Générale de
l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique (DGESRS) nouvellement
créée au Ministère de l'Education Nationale. Peu de temps après cette
restructuration particulière et significative, il a été décidé, en 1972,
d'établir des diplômes universitaires avancés équivalents au niveau du master,
lançant ainsi les études de 3<sup>ème</sup> cycle en Tunisie.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Cette
dernière dynamique de restructuration et de création, ainsi que l'augmentation
du nombre du personnel enseignant, a permis la création de certains
laboratoires de recherche et de plusieurs programmes de 3ème cycle dans
plusieurs disciplines. En conséquence, le nombre d'étudiants a augmenté et a
incité à l'ouverture de plusieurs établissements d'enseignement supérieur d'abord
à Sousse et Sfax, en 1974, puis à Monastir et Gabès en 1975</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ce
développement accéléré, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a abouti à la
création, en 1978 et pour la première fois, d'un ministère dédié à la recherche
scientifique, surnommé le Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la
Recherche Scientifique (MESRS). Ce ministère a non seulement hérité et élargit
la mission de la DGESRS, mais a également reconnu la nature de la phase de
développement du système de recherche et la nécessité de renforcer les
capacités et ainsi, de conserver l'enseignement supérieur et la recherche
universitaire étroitement liés.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Le Système d'Innovation de la Tunisie aujourd'hui:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">L'événement
marquant qui a lancé le Système Tunisien de la Recherche Scientifique a été la
promulgation, le 31 janvier 1996, de la
Loi d'Orientation relative à la Recherche Scientifique et au
Développement Technologique. Cette loi constitutive était le résultat de la
création, le 17 février 1991 au sein du Premier Ministère, du Secrétariat
d'État à la Recherche Scientifique, promu le 17 février 1992 à un Secrétariat
d'Etat pour la Recherche Scientifique et la Technologie (SERST). Les activités
du SERST portaient sur les activités de recherche orientées vers le
développement socio-économique, tandis que la recherche fondamentale et
l'enseignement de 3<sup>ème</sup> cycle étaient restés sous le Ministère de
l'Education et des Sciences.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Formulé dans le cadre du SNI, les
principaux objectifs de la Loi
d'Orientation étaient:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Renforcer la coordination entre les
différentes composantes du SNI afin de créer la synergie nécessaire, de
construire des compétences durables et d'assurer un soutien financier
continu;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Promouvoir le renforcement des capacités comme
pilier essentiel du SNI, ainsi que l'innovation technologique;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Augmenter progressivement les dépenses de R&D,
tout en assurant la diversité des ressources financières et en renforçant
les contributions privées et internationales;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Promouvoir l'innovation et le développement
technologique par le soutien aux entreprises innovantes, la valorisation
des résultats de la recherche, le renforcement du partenariat entre
recherche et industrie, mais aussi par la création de techno-parcs et d’incubateurs;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Renforcer le suivi et l’évaluation des
activités et des structures de recherche;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Développer la coopération internationale afin
de faciliter l'échange des meilleures pratiques et <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>d'accéder aux réseaux internationaux
d'excellence scientifique; ceci afin de bénéficier d'un financement
international et d'être un contributeur actif au savoir humain.</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span>
</li>
</ul>
</b></span></b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Peu
de temps après, un certain nombre d'institutions qui rappellent les Systèmes
Nationaux d'Innovation modernes ont été créées et/ou ajoutées à celles déjà
existantes, au sein et/ou sous la tutelle du Ministère de l'Enseignement
Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique (MESRS) et du Ministère de l'Industrie
et de la Technologie (MIT). Comme indiqué dans les objectifs sus-mentionnés,
ces institutions devaient assurer l'exécution, le suivi et l'évaluation des
activités prévues par la Loi
d'Orientation et de ses décrets de mise en œuvre ultérieurs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Le
SNI actuel comprend les principales composantes suivantes, regroupées dans les
quatre différents niveaux standards :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Niveau
1: Stratégies de Niveau Elevé </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conseil Supérieur de la Recherche Scientifique
et de la technologie,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Comité de Haut Niveau pour la Science et la Technologie,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Comité National Consultatif pour la Recherche Scientifique
et la Technologie.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Niveau
</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2: Ministère</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Le Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et
de la Recherche Scientifique (La Direction Générale
de la
Recherche Scientifique (DGRS) est le principal organisme
de financement de la recherche scientifique),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Ministère de l’Industrie et de la Technologie.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Niveau
</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3: Agence</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Comité National d'Evaluation des Activités de
la recherche Scientifique (CNEARS),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Observatoire National des Sciences et de la Technologie (ONST),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Agence Nationale de Promotion de la Recherche Scientifique
(ANPR),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Institut National de Normalisation de la
Propriété Industrielle (INNORPI),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Agence de Promotion de l’Industrie et de
l’Innovation (APII).</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Niveau
</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">4: Acteur de la
Recherche et de l’Innovation</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Les universités et les Centres de Recherche
Publics (le système Tunisien de R&D est composé d'environ 140
laboratoires de recherche et500 unités de recherche, évoluant dans 13
universités, ainsi que de 33 centres de recherche publics, 8 centres
techniques et 10 techno-parcs.)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l12 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Les entreprises commerciales et les
institutions de recherche privées (l'industrie en Tunisie est composée de
presque 6 000 PME ayant 10 salariés et plus, dont 2 800 sont totalement
exportatrices, 1975 à participation étrangère. 1221 entreprises sont 100%
étrangères et 1679 sont des PME totalement exportatrices.)</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Afin de dynamiser le SNI et
faciliter l'émergence de synergies entre ses différents sous-systèmes, un
certain nombre de programmes de R&D et d'instruments financiers ont été
déployés depuis 1992. Parmi ceux-ci, les Programmes de Recherche Fédérés (PRF),
le Programme National de Promotion de l’Innovation Technologique (PNRI), le Programme
de Valorisation des Résultats de la Recherche (VRR) et la Prime accordée au titre des
Investissement en R&D (PIRD). Les mécanismes de capital-risque, en
particulier la SICAR
(Société investissement à Capital Risque), ont été modifiés en 2009 pour
encourager la prise de risques.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Un Aperçu de la Performance du Système
d'Innovation :</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Les secteurs de l'enseignement,
de la recherche scientifique et de l'innovation ont toujours eu une place de
choix dans la stratégie de développement de la Tunisie. Cela vient
en reconnaissance de leur rôle essentiel dans le développement du pays. Selon
les données de la
Banque Mondiale, les dépenses de la Tunisie sur l’éducation en
2008 étaient de 6,3% du PIB, ce qui est nettement supérieur au taux de dépenses
de l'Algérie (4,3% en 2008) et celui du Maroc (5,4 en 2009). En 2009, 34,4% de
la population concernée ont bénéficié de l'enseignement supérieur (Algérie :
32,% en 2011, Maroc : 13,2% en 2009). Selon le Rapport sur la compétitivité
mondiale du Forum économique mondial 2011-2012, la Tunisie est classée 24<sup>ème</sup>
quant à la scolarisation dans l'enseignement primaire et 40ème quant à sa
qualité. Par ailleurs, le même rapport classe la qualité globale du système
éducatif à la 41<sup>ème</sup> place et la qualité de l'enseignement des
mathématiques et des sciences à la 18<sup>ème</sup> place. Il est cependant
malheureux de constater que la
Tunisie a été beaucoup mieux classée l'année dernière!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Inscriptions, enseignement supérieur (% brut)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<img border="0" height="207" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GqVMJp5x9W4/UV18UUjU66I/AAAAAAAABeg/OE103vWnOJc/s400/TertiaryEnrol.PNG" width="400" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Les dépenses pour la R&D ont
vu une augmentation constante au cours de la dernière décennie. Elles ont plus
que doublé, passant de 0,5% en 2000 à 1,1% en 2009. Même si cette performance
reste inégalée dans la région (par comparaison elle est de 0,1% pour l'Algérie
en 2005 et de 0,6% pour le Maroc en 2006), elle échoue à répondre aux besoins
du pays à remonter dans la chaîne des valeurs. Le nombre de chercheurs en R&D,
par million d'habitants, a presque triplé au cours des deux dernières
décennies. En effet, l'indicateur est passé d'environ 700 en 1998, à 1,900 en
2008. Cette performance reste notable dans la région par rapport à 170 pour
l'Algérie en 2005 et 661 pour le Maroc en 2008. En ce qui concerne les articles
de revues scientifiques et techniques, la Tunisie a réussi à dépasser exponentiellement
ses voisins et atteindre 1022 publications en 2009, alors qu'elle a simplement
publié 91 articles en 1993. En comparaison, l'Algérie a publié 123 articles en
1993 et 606 en 2009. Cependant, le Maroc a vu ses 164 publications de 1993 atteindre
seulement 391 en 2009.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Articles
de revues scientifiques et techniques</span></b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<img border="0" height="207" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C5BmfW7HiCk/UV18n3GWXTI/AAAAAAAABeo/wsIBWTLDlmw/s400/echJournals.PNG" width="400" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Cette croissance exponentielle des
publications est directement liée à la restructuration majeure qui a eu lieu
suite à la promulgation de la Loi
d'Orientation de 1996. En fait, un examen plus attentif de ces dynamiques, en
particulier dans les domaines académiques bien établis tels que la chimie,
montre sans aucun doute la relation de cause à effet entre la date de
promulgation de cette législation et le développement des publications qui
s'ensuivit. Selon Thomson Reuters en 2011, le nombre de publications par
million d'habitants fait de la
Tunisie le premier pays en Afrique et la place également devant
l'Arabie Saoudite.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Un grand nombre de ces
publications ont été publiées à la suite de travaux de recherche en
collaboration entre les chercheurs tunisiens et leurs principaux collègues à
l'étranger. Le Rapport sur la Recherche Globale en Afrique publié par Thomson
Reuters en avril 2010, révèle que la
Tunisie avait 32,6%, 2,8%, 2,7%, 2,5% et 2,1% de ses
publications en collaboration avec la
France, les Etats-Unis, l’Italie, l’Espagne et le Royaume-Uni,
respectivement. Ces résultats sont analogues à ceux de l’Algérie, montrant des
similitudes entre les pays voisins, mais remarquablement différents pour
l'Égypte qui collabore non seulement avec les États-Unis et le Royaume-Uni, mais
également avec l’Allemagne, le Japon et l'Arabie Saoudite. Il faut noter que
ces statistiques changeront très certainement en faveur de la coopération Tunis-Allemande
vu qu’un ambitieux programme bilatéral de coopération en recherche et
innovation a été lancé pour la première fois dès le début de cette année.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Malheureusement, cette
performance relative de la
Tunisie est compensée par la modeste contribution des
activités de R&D à l'économie tunisienne. Pour exemple, le rapport de la Banque Africaine
de Développement, Tunisie : Défis Economiques et Sociaux post révolution, a
signalé que seulement 17 brevets internationaux ont été accordés par l'USPTO et
l'OEB à la Tunisie entre 2001-2010 et 22 pour le Maroc. Cette observation est
corroborée par la faible performance en exportation de haute technologie. En
effet, la Tunisie a exporté 4,9%, en 2010, alors que le Maroc a atteint les 7,7%.
Ces résultats sont révélateurs d'une rupture dans le SNI tunisien, malgré
l'évolution notable du nombre de chercheurs, des ingénieurs et des
scientifiques, ainsi que des publications scientifiques et techniques. Il est
évident que ces performances contrastées entre la Tunisie et le Maroc,
malgré les différences notables en faveur de la Tunisie dans les indicateurs
ci-dessus, est une indication des différences structurales, qui se sont
produites en 1997, en aval, le long des chaînes respectives de l'innovation!</span></div>
</span></b></span></b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Exportations haute technologie (% exportations
produits manufacturés)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<img border="0" height="207" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jdCoPIluJLI/UV18xaRSRWI/AAAAAAAABew/ABkfI_iii2E/s400/HTechExport.PNG" width="400" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Encore une fois, le rendement
qui est loin d’être satisfaisant du système de l'innovation est clairement
confirmé par l’Index Global de la compétitivité 2011-2012, où la Tunisie atteint juste un
pauvre 3,6 en matière d'innovation et un 3,8 en préparation technologique; ce
qui donne un score de 3,9 dans l'index de l'innovation et de la sophistication.
En outre, de faibles dépenses en R&D en entreprise, avec un score de 3,4
ainsi qu'un faible indice de collaboration université-industrie en R&D de
3,7 expliquent la faible capacité de 3,4 pour l'innovation des PME tunisiennes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Lacunes des
réponses politiques actuelles:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">La révolution a été l'ultime expression d’une défaillance systémique, une
levée de boucliers d'une population désespérée qui a conquis sa peur et évincé
un État policier corrompu qui ne pouvait plus le contrôler. Le révélateur de
cet échec a été une crise flagrante durable du chômage des jeunes caractérisée
par un pourcentage élevé, apparemment absurde, mais symptomatique de diplômés
du supérieur au chômage. En effet, et pendant la dernière décennie ou presque, plus
le demandeur d'emploi était instruit moins il/elle avait de chances de trouver
un emploi! Cette situation absurde sera dénommée le Paradoxe Tunisien.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Les principales lacunes, indépendamment de la corruption et du manque de
liberté, qui ont contribué à cet état des choses, sont : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">L'absence d'une vision collective;</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Malgré les réussites isolées, le “système” n'a pas tenu ses promesses;</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Le manque de cohérence globale et l'absence de coordination ont entraîné
une défaillance systémique;</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Malgré les programmes de modernisation industrielle, l'innovation est restée
fragile;</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Absence de synergies, même avec les multitudes d'incitatifs et de programmes.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Recommandations:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Les lacunes et les défis
reconnus cités précédemment sont en effet l'occasion pour la Tunisie de trouver sa voie
pour une transformation profonde. Facilitant par conséquent son ascension au
rang des nations développées et transformant ses SNI pour rattraper les pays émergents.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Dans cette dernière section, un
certain nombre de recommandations à court et moyen termes est proposé:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Enseignement Supérieur:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Accorder l'autonomie aux meilleures universités, dans le cadre d'un
programme de différenciation salutaire;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Remodeler la gouvernance de l'université en adaptant les pratiques
exemplaires et les structures compatibles avec la qualité de
l'enseignement et de la formation à la recherche;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Permettre aux universités de diversifier leur financement par la
maximisation des rendements, tout en jouant leur rôle comme moteur local de
la croissance socio-économique et de développement. </span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Industrie:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Adopter une politique industrielle à long terme, capable, dans les
court et moyen termes, de consolider les secteurs concurrentiels, tout en
lançant progressivement une douzaine de niches à haute valeur ajoutée dans
le cadre d'une stratégie cohérente;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Initier des programmes nationaux d'acquisition de l'innovation, afin
d'accélérer la mise en œuvre de la politique industrielle;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Soutenir un certain nombre de grands projets nationaux de ST&I
ciblés, afin de renforcer la capacité, d'encourager le travail
collaboratif et de stimuler l'apprentissage collectif.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gouvernance:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo21; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Créer un poste
de Vice-Premier Ministre pour coordonner le système complexe de ST&I
et s'assurer de son alignement avec les autres politiques et stratégies
nationales;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo21; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Rationaliser la
structure du SNI réel avec des modèles confirmés, tout en gardant les
mêmes composantes et en modifiant légèrement leurs missions et leurs rôles;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo21; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Développer une
capacité effective et suffisante pour l’élaboration et l’analyse de
politiques en ST&I ainsi que des capacités de gestion en R&D.</span></li>
</ol>
</span></b></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></b></span></b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Prof. Jelel Ezzine</span></b></div>
<!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]--><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">President of the
Tunisian Association</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">for the Advancement of
Science,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Technology and
Innovation (TAASTI)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">jelel.ezzine@gmail.com</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-89903917927454370332013-05-30T04:43:00.000-07:002013-05-30T04:43:04.360-07:00CMI Video: Innovation/knowledge led growth for Tunisia and beyond.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="http://vimeo.com/59143676" target="_blank">Innovation/knowledge led growth for Tunisia and beyond</a>.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-34127355918507764032013-04-04T06:16:00.000-07:002013-04-04T06:16:59.162-07:00ST&I: Tunisia’s Lifeboat!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156">
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="//img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:#0400;
mso-fareast-language:#0400;
mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span></b></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Abstract:</span></b>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">This modest contribution comes at a time when Tunisia
is trying to find its way to a true democracy, equitable growth and dignity for
its people. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Youth joblessness in general and the unemployment of university degree holders
in particular, were the main fuel of the Jasmine Revolution. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Unless the true underlying causes
are identified, all prescribed solutions, no matter how ingenious they are,
won’t produce the collectively desired results. This short document, attempts to
show that the key underlying cause, and thus Tunisia’s Achilles’ heel, is the poor
structure of its industry. The analytic National Innovation System (NIS)
framework is used to tackle this enduring and complex problem. Standard
indicators, spanning the main components of the NIS, are used in an attempt to debunk the culprits,
and initiate a collective curative process for our ailing society. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Introduction:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">On the 14<sup>th</sup>
January 2011 the free people of Tunisia
forced their corrupt ruler from power, and collectively willed to build a
modern peace loving democratic society. On the 23<sup>rd</sup> October 2012
they confirmed their historic choice and held their first successful democratic
elections. The on going Jasmine Revolution, punctuated by these two key dates,
was a spontaneous </span><span lang="EN-US">ideologiless</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">, leaderless and peaceful awakening claiming
social and economic justice. It was energised by people’s thirst for dignity,
peace and democracy, the chains breaking words of our poets and prayers seeking
divine blessings for our martyrs that either gave their blood for freedom or
died awaiting a loaf of bread. These unprecedented events sparked the Arab
Spring, and inspired the Occupy Movement.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Despite the
success of the elections, the relatively democratic political process and the
support of the international community, Tunisia is still struggling, among
others, with high unemployment, significant regional inequalities, and
increasing corruption. It goes without saying that this enduring state of
affairs is the result of almost half century of autocratic leadership,
exacerbated by an unduly erratic two years post revolution transition. In fact,
as these words are being written, the head of the Troika government presented
his resignation, after failing to constitute a small apolitical government
staffed with technocrats, in the aftermath of a strongly condemned first and
hopefully last political execution.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">These
successive government failures, attest to the incapability of the political
leadership, in and out of the government, to apprehend the most urgent
problems. They kept talking about several issues such as security, national and
regional growth, and employment, without offering any viable actions or plans
to gain the trust of the population, and start alleviating the social pressure.
The last two years downward spiral, leading to a grotesque cold-blooded
political assassination, was accelerated by a relentless struggle for power,
futile</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="EN-US">populism</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">, and an absence of willingness
and/or competence to debunk the true underlying causes of the crises.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As a matter of fact, and at best, almost all
deployed actions and programs were reminiscent of the pre-revolution
government!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The youth
joblessness crisis was the telltale of a lingering systemic failure, a
persistently ticking time bomb that was consistently ignored, in favour of
restricting freedoms, intimidating citizens, and looting the country, but
theatrically tackled with make-believe policies. This unemployment state of
affairs was characterised by a seemingly absurd but symptomatic high percentage
of jobless university degree holders. As a mater of fact, and for the last
decade or so, the more educated the job seeker was, the lesser chances she/he
had to find a job! This counterintuitive situation will be referred to as the
Tunisian Paradox. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">A Post Revolution vision:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Post revolution Tunisia
has a unique and a historic opportunity to intelligently leverage its competitive
advantages and swiftly catch up with the developed world, while simultaneously taking
the lead in becoming a </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Sustainable Knowledge Society</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> (SNS). </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">This long-term vision stipulates that Tunisia secures its place on the
world stage as a Knowledge-based society where Innovation-led sustainable
growth, creative and skilled entrepreneurial human capital, and democratic
political system, pave the way towards economic and labour force
competitiveness, equitable and inclusive national and regional sustainable
growth, along with the betterment of local and global well being. It is
interesting to note, that the underlying causes of the Jasmine Revolution, the
Arab Spring and the Occupy Movement are symptomatic of the same social ills,
making of Sustainable Knowledge Tunisia
an experiment worthy of attention for the rest of the planet. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">In order to achieve the above vision Tunisia has to
espouse, more than ever, a systemic approach where the four pillars of the
Knowledge Economy (KE) are harmoniously combined, in time and in space. To swiftly
and robustly converge to the above stated vision, it is necessary to create a
innovation friendly environment for the efficient creation, dissemination, and
use of knowledge through a proactive <b>Economic and Institutional Regime</b>,
to provide educated and skilled population that is able to effectively use
knowledge through a high quality, flexible and responsive <b>Education System</b>,
to facilitate effective communication, dissemination, and processing of
information via a modern <b>Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)</b>
infrastructure, to stoutly pursue the connection and assimilation of global
knowledge, the adaptation and creation of local knowledge for the socioeconomic
benefit via a viable <b>National Innovation System</b> (NIS). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">While the above four pillars of the KE are
necessary for the foundation of a successful knowledge-based economy, they
remain insufficient as to the attainment of a sustainable society. In order to
secure sustainability it is fundamental to further characterize the Knowledge
Society (KS) we will be building in general and the type of innovations we will
be producing in particular. In this framework, economic growth, social cohesion
and environmental protection must go hand in hand making sustainable
development an integral part of policymaking. The complementary KE and
Sustainability dimensions integrated within a systemic framework require suitable
governance and institutional cybernetic architecture capable of the required,
steering, monitoring and coordination functions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Obviously, it is far from enough to have a
vision, a strong willpower to pursue it and even a unique window of opportunity
to launch it, if the minimal socio-political, institutional and material substrates
are not available! In fact, Tunisia
is a country with scarce natural resources, limited ST&I policy making and
R&D management experiences, and almost inexistent and at best inoperative ST&I
coordinating and monitoring institutions. Therefore, for Tunisia to
swiftly and progressively converge to this vision, it has to secure the
adherence of all stakeholders, clearly seek and devise polarizing strategic
growth sectors with a portfolio of growth flag ship initiatives within a global
and coherent long-term development action plan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Strong economies have usually relied on three
polarizing major sectors, i.e., armament, space and health. However,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>small countries, such as Tunisia, with scarce
natural resources, small market, slowly receding cheap labour, and a relatively
strong highly skilled base, has the potential to </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">successfully</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> engage in high vale added sectors and technologies, while investing viably
in areas for its strategic security, e.g., agriculture, energy, and water.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">In order for the above vision to succeed and
thus lead to sustainability, it is necessary to work towards the establishment
of a sustainable consumption and production society whose sustainable
performance is measured by appropriate indicators such as its footprint.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Simultaneously, Tunisia has to zoom initially into
eco-efficient technologies and move progressively but surely to green-innovation
with a strong and dynamic entrepreneurial engagement consolidated with
aggressive public investment. To do so, and build resilience against
disturbances, Tunisia needs
to urgently build capacity and acquire the proper know-how, methodologies and
tools especially evidence-based policy analysis and design, strategic planning
and management, foresighting for development, NIS reorientation and priorities setting, and
roadmapping for technology and innovation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Invigorated with this vision and the needed
viable strategies and action plans to attain it, the Tunisian people will be
able to regain hope, trust their leadership and work hard while looking forward
to better future for themselves and their children. Nevertheless, this is only
possible if the political context is ripe for such an undertaking. While
preparing the necessary foundations to launch this vision, and gain as much
grounds for the successful implementation of this few decades’ long complex
process. The present government, with the support of the opposition and all
concerned institutions should agree on an inclusive post revolution compact,
abstain from political power games, and guarantee the following three necessities:
(i) security, (ii) jobs for the youth and (iii) rebooting the economy. An
attempt to implement a similar project, was initiated by the previous head of
the government, and immediately aborted by the main political party, whose
General Secretary is nothing but the initiator!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">An Innovation System in the
Making:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A Three Millennia Innovation Legacy:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">During the last three millennia, Tunisia
has been an exceptional place for blending, disseminating and flourishing of
several civilisations such as the Carthaginian, the Roman and the Hafsids. The
openness of the country to other cultures, its ethnic and religious tolerance,
coincided with its prosperity as attested by the diversification of its markets
and trade, as well as its mastery of science and innovation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Tunisia</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> saw knowledge thrive during its Carthage
era. Architecture, shipbuilding, irrigation and agriculture were among many
successful sectors as attested, entre autres, by the 4<sup>th</sup> Century BC,
28 volumes Magon Treaty.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">As early as the 7<sup>th</sup> Century, Tunisia
played a key role, and saw its capital Kairouan become a hub of learning and
intellectual pursuits in the Arab-Islamic world. The Great Mosque of Kairouan,
founded in 670, along with its teaching arm was a centre of education both in
Islamic thought and secular sciences. Among its old pupils and scholars Ibn Al
Jazzar an influential 10<sup>th</sup> Century Muslim physician, well known for
his “Zad Al-Musaffir” (The Viaticum) book. During the 13<sup>th</sup> Century Tunis was made the
capital of Ifriqiya. This shift of power helped the Al-Zaytouna Mosque, host of
the first and greatest university in the history of Islam, to flourish as major
Islamic learning and scholarly centre. Ibn Khaldun, a Tunisian scholar, is the
most famous among its many alumni. He is most known for his Al-muqaddimah
(Prolegomena) and viewed as one of the fathers of modern historiography.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The 19<sup>th</sup> Century Beylical Tunisia, witnessed the creation, by Ahmed <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Bey, of the Technical School
in 1840, and the Military College of Bardo in 1855. This effort of
modernisation was carried further by Mohamed Sadok Bey, under the influence of
his Minister Kheireddine Pacha, by the creation among others of the Sadiki College
in 1875, partly inspired from the European educational system. Ex-President
Habib Bourguiba is among his former students.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The French
protectorate era, witnessed the creation of a number of needs-driven research
instructions, among them, withy their present designations, the Pasteur
Institute of Tunis in 1893, the National School of Agriculture in 1898, and the
National Institute of Marine Science and Technology in 1924. After WWII, the
above research institutions were augmented by the Institute
of Higher Education in 1945 within the
University of Paris. Among its students, 300 Tunisians
were enrolled.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Precursor to the Innovation System:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Independent Tunisia,
realised very early its national pressing and urgent educational and research
needs among several socio-economic ones, and swiftly responded to these
challenges by the creation of the Ecole Normale Supérieure, in 1956, and the
National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis,
previously designated as Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture of Tunis, in 1959. These creations were
followed by the creation of the University
of Tunis in 1960. The
university included the Faculty of Science, the Faculty of Letters and Human
Sciences, the Faculty of Law, Political Sciences and Economics, The Faculty of
Medicine and Pharmacy, and the Faculty of Theology, the former Zitouna. Almost
simultaneously, the Arid Region Problems Research Centre, and the Economics and
Social Research Study Centre (CERES), were established in 1961 and 1962, respectively.
The National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT) was created in 1969. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It is important to
note, that almost a decade after the creation of the first university in
Tunisia, it was decided in 1968, to abandon the university system, and place all
higher education institutions and national research centres under the control
of the newly created Directorate General of Higher Education and Scientific
Research (DGESES) of the Ministry of National Education. Shortly after this
peculiar and significant restructuring, it was decided, in 1972, to establish advanced
academic degrees equivalent to the master’s level, launching accordingly the
Graduate Studies in Tunisia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The latter
restructuring and creation dynamics, along with the increasing numbers of the
academic staff, allowed the creation of some research laboratories and several
master’s degrees programs in several academic fields. As a consequence, the
number of students grew, and prompted the creation of several higher education
institutions first in Sousse
and Sfax, in 1974, and Monastir and Gabes in 1975.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">These accelerated
development, led to the creation, in 1978, and for the first time of a
dedicated scientific research ministry, dubbed the Ministry of Higher Education
and Scientific Research (MHESR). Not only did this ministry inherit and expand
the mission of the DGESRS, but did also acknowledge the nature of the
development phase of the research system and the need to build capacity and
thus keep higher education and academic research closely connected.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Tunisia</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">’s Innovation
System Today:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The landmark event
that launched the Tunisian scientific Research System was the promulgation, in
the 31<sup>st</sup> of January 1996, of the Orientation Law concerning
Scientific Research and Technological Development. This founding legislation
was the result of the creation, in February 17, 1991 within the Prime Ministry
of the Secretariat of state for Scientific Research upgraded in February 17,
1992 to the Secretariat of State for Scientific Research and Technology (SERST).
The focus of SERST was research activities oriented towards socio-economic
development, while basic research and graduate education remained with the
Ministry of Education and Science.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Formulated within the NIS framework, the Orientation Law’s main
objectives were: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Reinforcing coordination between the different components of the NIS in order to
create the necessary synergy, to build enduring competencies, and to
ensure a sustained financial support,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Promoting capacity building as the key pillar of the NIS, as well as
technological innovation,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Increasing progressively R&D expenditure, while ensuring
diversity of financial resources and reinforcing private and international
contributions,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Promoting innovation and technological development through the
support of innovative companies, the valorisation of research results, the
reinforcement of partnership between research an industry, as well as the
creation of techno-parks and incubators,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Reinforcing follow up and evaluation of research activities and
structures,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Developing international cooperation in order to facilitate the
exchange of best practices, to access international scientific excellence
networks, to benefit from international financing, and to be an active
contributor to human knowledge,</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Shortly after, a
number of institutions reminiscent of modern National Innovation Systems were
created and/or added to the existing ones, within and/or under the tutelage of the
Ministry of Higher education and Scientific Research (MHESR), and the Ministry of
Industry and Technology (MIT). As stated in the above objectives, these institutions
were to insure the execution, the monitoring and evaluation of the activities
stipulated in the Orientation Law and its subsequent implementation decrees. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The current NIS is made of the
following main components, grouped in the standard four different levels:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Level 1: High level
policy</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The Higher Council of Scientific Research and Technology,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The High Level Committee for Science and Technology,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The National Consultative Council of Scientific Research and
Technology,</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Level 2: Ministry</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, (the
Directorate General of Scientific Research (DGRS), is the main funding
body for scientific research),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Ministry of Industry and Technology.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Level 3: Agency</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The National Evaluation Committee of Scientific Research Activities
(CNEARS),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The National Observatory of Science and Technology (NOST),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The National Agency for the Promotion of Research (ANPR),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The National Institute for Standardisation and Industrial Property
(INNORPI),</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The Agency for the Promotion of Industry and Innovation (APII).</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Level 4: Research and Innovation Performers</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The Universities and Public Research Centres (Tunisia’s R&D
system is composed of about 140 research laboratories, 500 research unit,
evolving in 13 Universities, as well as 33 public research centres, 8
technical centres, and 10 technoparks.) </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Business enterprises and private research institutions (The
industry in Tunisia is made of almost 6000 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">SMEs having 10 or
more employees, of which 2 800 are totally exporting ones, 1975
with foreign participation, 1221 are 100% foreign owned, and 1679 are
totally exporting SMEs.)</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">In order to energise the NIS and facilitate the emergence of synergies
among its different subsystems, a number of R&D programs and financial
instruments were deployed since 1992. Among these the Federated Research
Program (PRF), the National Research and Innovation Program (PNRI), the
Valorisation of Research Results Program (VRR), and the R&D Investment
Premium (PIRD). The capital-risk mechanisms, especially the SICARs (Société
d’Investissment à Capital Risque), was amended in 2009 to encourage further
risk-taking.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">A Performance Preview of the
Innovation System:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Education, scientific research and innovation
sectors had always a place of choice in Tunisia’s development strategy.
This comes as recognition of their essential role in the country’s development.
According to the World Bank data, Tunisia’s
spending on education in 2008 was 6.3% of GDP, which is clearly higher than Algeria (4.3% in 2008) and Morocco (5.4%
in 2009).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 2009, 34.4% of the
corresponding population benefited from tertiary education (Algeria: 32.1% in 2011, Morocco: 13.2%
in 2009). According to the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report
2011-2012, Tunisia
ranks 24<sup>th</sup> as to primary education enrolment and 40<sup>th</sup> regarding
its quality. Moreover, the same report ranks the overall quality of the
educational system 41<sup>st</sup>, and the quality of math and science education
18<sup>th</sup>. It is however unfortunate to note that Tunisia was much better ranked last
year!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GqVMJp5x9W4/UV18UUjU66I/AAAAAAAABeg/OE103vWnOJc/s1600/TertiaryEnrol.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="207" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GqVMJp5x9W4/UV18UUjU66I/AAAAAAAABeg/OE103vWnOJc/s400/TertiaryEnrol.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">R&D expenditures saw a steady increase
during the last decade. They more than doubled, going from 0.5% in 2000 to 1.1%
in 2009. While this performance remains unmatched in the region, i.e., 0.1% for
Algeria in 2005, and 0.6%
for Morocco
in 2006, it fails short from responding to the needs of the country to move up
the value chain. The number of researchers in R&D, per million people,
almost tripled during the last two decades. Indeed, the indicator went from
about 700 in
1998, to 1.9 thousands in 2008. This performance remains notable in the region
when compared to 170 for Algeria
in 2005 and 661 for Morocco
in 2008. Concerning scientific and technical journal articles, Tunisia managed
to exponentially outnumber its neighbours and reach 1022 publications in 2009,
while it merely published 91 articles in 1993. Comparatively, Algeria published
123 article in 1993 and 606 in
2009. However, Morocco
saw its 164 publication of 1993 reach only 391in 2009.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C5BmfW7HiCk/UV18n3GWXTI/AAAAAAAABeo/wsIBWTLDlmw/s1600/echJournals.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="207" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C5BmfW7HiCk/UV18n3GWXTI/AAAAAAAABeo/wsIBWTLDlmw/s400/echJournals.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">This resulting exponential publications growth is
directly due to the major restructuring that took place following the
promulgation of the 1996 Orientation Law. As a matter of fact, a closer inspection
of these dynamics, especially in well established academic fields such as
chemistry, shows without any doubt, the cause and effect relationship between
the promulgation date of this legislation and the ensuing publications renewal.
According to Thomson Reuters in 2011, the number of publications per million population,
makes of Tunisia the leading
country in Africa, as well as ahead of Saudi Arabia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">A large number of these publications were
published as a result of collaborative research work between the Tunisian researchers
and their main colleagues abroad. Africa Global Research Report published by
Thomson Reuters in April 2010, reveals that Tunisia
had 32.6%, 2.8%, 2.7%, 2.5% and 2.1% of its publications with France, USA,
Italy, Spain and the UK respectively. These results are
analogous to Algeria’s,
showing the similarities between the neighbouring countries, but strikingly
different for Egypt that not
only collaborates with the USA
and the UK, it also does
with Germany, Japan and Saudi Arabia. It is worthy to note
that these statistics will most certainly change in favour of the Tunisian
German cooperation, since an ambitious bilateral research and innovation
cooperation program was launched for the first time as early as the beginning
of this year.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">This relative performance of Tunisia is unfortunately offset by
the modest contribution of R&D to the Tunisian economy. For instance, The Tunisia:
Economic and Social Challenges Beyond the Revolution report by the African
Development Bank, reported that only 17 international patents were granted by
the USPTO and EPO to Tunisia during 2001-2010, and 22 for Morocco. This
observation is corroborated by the low high-technology export, performance. Indeed,
Tunisia exported 4.9%, in
2010, while Morocco
achieved a 7.7%. These results are a revelation of a breakdown in the Tunisian
NIS, despite the noticeable evolution of the number of researchers, engineers
and scientists and scientific and technical publications. It is obvious that
these contrasted performances between Tunisia
and Morocco,
notwithstanding the marked differences, in favour of the former, in the
indicators above, is an indication of structural differences, which took place
in 1997, downstream the respective innovation chains!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jdCoPIluJLI/UV18xaRSRWI/AAAAAAAABew/ABkfI_iii2E/s1600/HTechExport.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="207" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jdCoPIluJLI/UV18xaRSRWI/AAAAAAAABew/ABkfI_iii2E/s400/HTechExport.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Again, the far from satisfactory performance of
the innovation system is clearly confirmed in the 2011-2012 Global
competitiveness Index, where Tunisia
scores just a poor 3.6 in
innovation, and a 3.8 in
technological readiness, yielding a score of 3.9 in the innovation and
sophistication index. Moreover, A low company spending on R&D score of 3.4,
along with a weak university-industry collaboration in R&D index of 3.7,
explain the low 3.4 capacity for innovation of the Tunisian SMEs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Shortcomings of current policy
responses:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The
revolution was the ultimate expression of a systemic failure, an outcry of a
desperate population that conquered its fear and ousted a corrupt police state
that could no longer control it. The telltale of that failure was a lasting
blatant youth joblessness crises characterised by a seemingly absurd but
symptomatic high percentage of jobless university degree holders. As a mater of
fact, and for the last decade or so, the more educated you were the lesser
chances you had to get a job! This counterintuitive situation is nothing short
from a Tunisian Paradox.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The key
shortcomings, regardless of corruption and lack of freedom, which contributed
to this state of affairs, are:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span lang="EN-US">Lack of a collective
vision,</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span lang="EN-US">Despite the
isolated successes, the “system” didn’t deliver,</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span lang="EN-US">Lack of global
coherence, and absence of coordination, led to a systemic failure,</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span lang="EN-US">Despite industrial
modernization programs, innovation remains frail,</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span lang="EN-US">Absence of
synergies even with the multitudes of incentives and programs.</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Recommendations:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The above acknowledged shortcomings and challenges
are indeed an opportunity for Tunisia
to find its pathway for deep transformation. Consequently, facilitating its
ascension to the rank of developed nations, and transforming its NIS to catch up with the frontier
countries.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">In this final section, a number of short and
medium terms recommendations are made:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Higher
Education System:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Grant autonomy
to the leading universities, within a healthy differentiation program,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Reshape
university governance by adapting best practices and structures compatible
with high quality education and research training,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Allow the
universities to diversify their funding by maximising returns while
playing their role as a<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>local
engine of socio-economic growth and development,</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Industry
System:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Adopt a long term industrial policy capable, in the short and medium
terms, of consolidating the competitive sectors, while launching
progressively a dozen of high value added niches within a coherent
strategy,</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></b></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Initiate national innovation procurement programs, to accelerate the
implementation of the industrial policy,</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></b></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Champion a number of targeted large national ST&I projects to
enhance capacity, encourage collaborative work, and boost collective
learning,</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Governance:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Create
a Vice Prime Minister position to coordinate the complex ST&I system,
and insure its alignment with the remaining national policies and
strategies,</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></u></b></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Streamline
the structure of the actual NIS
with confirmed models while keeping the same components and slightly
modifying their missions and roles,</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></u></b></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Built
effective and sufficient capacity due regards ST&I policy analysis and
design along with R&D management capabilities.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></u></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Prof. Jelel Ezzine</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">President of the Tunisian Association </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">for the Advancement of Science, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Technology and Innovation (TAASTI) </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span></u></b></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-63247610792707272922012-12-13T01:20:00.001-08:002012-12-13T01:20:50.450-08:00TEDxZurich: Who Controls The World - OlsenBlog's blog - MoneyScience<a href="http://www.moneyscience.com/pg/blog/OlsenBlog/read/441201/tedxzurich-who-controls-the-world">TEDxZurich: Who Controls The World - OlsenBlog's blog - MoneyScience</a><br />
<br />
While our traditional ways of thinking and problem solving have been strongly shaped by the success of the reductionist approach taken in science, the new science of complexity focuses on interconnection and co-dependence. It is a paradigmatic shift away from analyzing the nature of “things” to uncovering and understanding the network of interdependence lying behind and influencing the “things” themselves. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-4249743973995308962012-12-11T02:25:00.001-08:002012-12-11T02:27:24.193-08:00Political failure.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Let's NOT be naive! What do we expect? That others will run to rescue us from our backwardness, political failures and our pseudo-leaders whom their, as big as the mount Fuji, egos are pushing them relentlessly to seek power irrespective of the National cost! Get serious people of Tunisia. Of course, all nations look after their interests. Indeed, the democratic system is failing and post-democratic systems have to conceived and deployed the soonest. Last but not least, the Tunisian Revolution, is not only a national outcry, it is also a planetary one! Indeed, the Occupy the World call is nothing but an after shock of that historic tsunami. The question now is what to do? here is my triadic proposal for Free Tunisia: 1- Depoliticize, 2- Enhance security, and 3- Urgently help the poor and the helpless!</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-75638531879848010712012-11-23T06:15:00.000-08:002012-11-23T06:16:50.457-08:00Let’s TSHAMA!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span class="il">The below blog was written in </span>Tunis, Tunisia on<b> Nov. 5th, 2008</b>.<br />
I'm republishing this blog for it remains as pertinent and contextual as when it was published first. It is a reminder to all of us and especially to our World leaders, that time is pressing more than ever, and that changing our ways of leading and governing is to change in order to fit the challenges of .<br />
<br />
The original link is:<br />
https://sites.google.com/site/theneocogitator/welcome-mrhba/let-s-tshama<br />
=========================================================<br />
<br />
<span class="il">TSHAMA</span>: A TSunami of Hope named obAMA<br />
<br />
A tsunami of hope and change! A tsunami whose origin is the mother continent, its culmination is the new world, and its purpose is the entire globe.<br />
<br />
Unlike the fatidic day of 9/11 that went down the history line as a dooms day during which the world got stricken by a tsunami of horror and agony. A tsunami of terror whose roots were and remain hunger, injustice and abysses of inequalities, its culmination the Twin Tours as they tumbled in a huge mushroom of dust, and its casualties the entire population of the planet.<br />
<br />
<span class="il">TSHAMA</span> is the mother continent's way to seed the universe anew with life and hope as it did millions of years ago, dry its daughters and sons' tears and renew with life, love and laughter. Not surprisingly, this is most likely its second and last insurgence against lifelessness, inhumanity and 9/11 syndromes!<br />
<br />
One can'<span class="il">t</span> hide or even control his emotions while watching this moment of joy and hope expressed in Kenya's towns and streets and the peaceful dance of Obama's grandmother, the "at last" tears of Jessie Jackson, and the joyful reaction of the Namesake Japanese fishing village.<br />
<br />
But let's not get carried away and forget about the huge challenges confronting Obama and his team, the rest of the world's leaders, and humanity as a whole. Indeed, with the latest and ongoing financial crises and the failure of the market economy, the ailing warming planet and the closing of the tipping point, the geopolitical conundrums in the Middle East and Afghanistan to name just a couple, and last but not least the effects of the Oil Peak and the shortage of food, energy and peace.<br />
<br />
Consequently, it is time, and probably the last chance, to get together, irrespective of race, religion and political convictions, and respond as a unified one strong and determined being, with a wise collective intelligence and a crystal clear consciousness of the commonness of our future: we will either prosper together, or drift in the coldness of the universe together!<br />
<br />
Let's <span class="il">TSHAMA</span>!</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-89144768144028487362012-10-29T09:33:00.001-07:002012-10-29T09:43:46.780-07:00DAAD Interview.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,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" /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-55261130841064412832012-08-30T00:37:00.001-07:002012-08-30T00:37:40.975-07:00Relations Nord/Sud de la Méditerranée : Quelles conditions pour la construction des relations euro-méditerranéennes de demain<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Partie I</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></b></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 18.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><i><span lang="FR" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Quels enjeux euro-méditerranéens à la lumière des
bouleversements profonds suscités par l’avènement des « printemps
arabes » ? </span></i></b></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 18.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><i><span lang="FR" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Dans l’exposé ci-après, un état des lieux de la coopération
euro-méditerranéenne dans un contexte particulier, celui du soulèvement des
peuples arabes contre des régimes dictatoriaux. L’<a href="http://europa.eu/index_fr.htm">Union Européenne</a> (UE) pourrait-elle
apporter de nouvelles réponses aux besoins des peuples et aux <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>contraintes qui en découlent ? Aussi bien
le processus de Barcelone, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>la <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/index_fr.htm">Politique Européenne de Voisinage</a>
(PEV) que l’<a href="http://www.ufmsecretariat.org/en/">Union pour la
Méditerranée</a> (UPM) ont relativement failli dans la réalisation d’un
processus d’intégration euro-méditerranéen réussi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Les soulèvements des peuples arabes contre
leurs oppresseurs ont réveillé les consciences et incité les partenaires
historiques européens à revoir leurs cartes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">L’avènement historique du printemps arabe sur la rive
sud de la Méditerranée et l’accroissement de la crise économique sur la rive
nord, a poussé la communauté euro-méditerranéen, sous la direction de la <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/index_fr.htm">Commission Européenne</a> (CE), à faire
le bilan des relations entre les deux rives, et <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>profiter des nouvelles donnes pour revoir le
modèle de coopération adopté jusque là et l’orienter vers un partenariat plus
équilibré et profitable aussi bien pour les pays du Sud que ceux du Nord.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">La Conférence euro-méditerranéenne sur la recherche et
l'innovation (Barcelone, Avril 2012) a été le lieu privilégié pour en discuter
et pousser la réflexion vers la mise en place de programmes et de projets qui
puissent répondre aux nouvelles exigences et besoins de la région. Le renforcement
des compétences pour la recherche et l'innovation, la gouvernance, le capital humain
et l'infrastructure de recherche, autant de thématiques qui portent tout leur
sens en cette période cruciale des pays du Sud de la Méditerranée.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Il s’agit en fait de répondre à trois questions inéluctables :</span></div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Comment rehausser les
politiques de recherche et d'innovation dans la région méditerranéenne
(gouvernance de la S & T et <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>réformes
institutionnelles ...) ?</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Comment résoudre la
problématique des Ressources humaines, la formation et la mobilité, y compris
la diaspora ?</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Que faire pour renforcer
les infrastructures de recherche et d'innovation ?</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Une Europe plus forte pour sortir de la crise
économique</span></i></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">«Je veux que l'Europe sorte plus forte de la crise
économique et financière »<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a
déclaré José M. Barroso dans la préface de l'Europe 2020. Il a ajouté: « Il
s’agit de plus d’emplois et d’une vie meilleure... Il faut que l’Europe ait la
capacité de réaliser une croissance intelligente, durable et inclusive, de trouver
les moyens de créer de nouveaux emplois et tracer de nouvelles orientations
plus efficientes pour nos sociétés ». Il a en outre rappelé que <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>«La commission s’est fixée cinq objectifs pour
l’année 2020 afin de conduire <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>le
processus de développement <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>qui devrait
être adopté aux échelles nationales pour créer de l'emploi, développer la recherche
et l'innovation, lutter contre le changement climatique et s’approprier de nouvelles
énergies, mettre en place un meilleur enseignement et <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>lutter contre la pauvreté".</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Presque simultanément, le <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Printemps arabe amorcé en Tunisie, s'est rapidement
étendu aux pays voisins et au-delà, il a inspiré d’autres mouvements
contestataires. L’exemple le plus édifiant a été celui lancé aux Etats-Unis
contre l’hégémonie des mastodontes de la finance internationale. "Occupy
Wall Street" a été l’écho des mêmes aspirations des peuples du Monde à plus
de <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>liberté et à la dignité. Ce fût l’expression
de revendications légitimes exigeant une participation politique plus effective
et une croissance inclusive et durable, capable de fournir des emplois et une
vie meilleure. Ces évènements de grande importance dont le théâtre a été les
pays du Sud de la <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mare nostrum</i> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>conjugués à la crise sans précédent advenue
dans ceux du Nord et la dynamique qu’ils ont suscité, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ont réveillé le monde et ont incité les uns
les autres à s’informer sur ce qui se passe sous des cieux qui ne sont pas les
leurs allant jusqu’à s’en enquérir par téléphone. Cela a rappelé également à
tout et un chacun que l’on ne peut plus échapper à la globalisation et que nous
partageons un même avenir dans une petite planète appelée terre.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Ce nouveau contexte historique qui en vient à
accroître les défis auxquels fait face le Monde, comme le changement
climatique, la pénurie en énergie et en eau, les maladies infectieuses et la
sécurité alimentaire pour n'en nommer que quelques-uns, appelle l'UE et les
pays méditerranéens du Sud, conjointement, à fixer ensemble des objectifs
ambitieux pour la région euro-méditerranéenne. Il les appelle également à
s'engager à <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>répondre à l'aspiration des
générations présentes et futures, au travers d’un nouveau paradigme en matière
de coopération qui va au-delà du partenariat traditionnel. De fait,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>la coopération euro-méditerranéenne dans le
domaine de l'énergie est la plus révélatrice en la matière. En effet, les deux
rives de la Méditerranée sont très dépendantes les unes des autres quand il
s'agit de l'approvisionnement en énergie, et elles le seront d'autant plus lors
de la mise en œuvre progressive du <a href="http://www.ufmsecretariat.org/en/econostrum-le-plan-solaire-mediterraneen-passe-dune-volonte-politique-a-une-realite-economique/">Plan
Solaire Méditerranéen</a> (PSM) par l'UPM en tant que programme macro-régional stratégique
de l'énergie renouvelable dans le cadre du Processus de Barcelone. La mise en
œuvre de ce projet transnational nécessitera le plein engagement des pays
membres de l'UPM, la CE, les universités et les instituts de recherche, les ONG
intéressées dans l'espace méditerranéen, ainsi que des institutions financières
publiques et privées. La dimension <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>régionale et l'importance planétaire de cette
entreprise, grâce à laquelle on réalise des avantages environnementaux
considérables, qui a des répercussions économiques et offre<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>des opportunités technologiques multiples et
sans précédent auparavant ainsi que des avantages sociaux,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>sont indiscutables. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Toutefois <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tout
en reconnaissant qu’il va falloir déployer des<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>efforts supplémentaires<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pour une
mise en application effective des accords conclus entre les pays des rives Nord
et Sud de la Méditerranée, il faudrait également repenser et reconcevoir les
accords de coopération dans un cadre<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>plus égalitaire, profitable aux uns et aux autres, capable de répondre
aux aspirations des peuples méditerranéens partageant une même destinée et leur
assurer paix, sécurité et prospérité.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>"Si
nous agissons ensemble, nous pouvons mieux nous battre et sortir de la crise plus
forts. Nous avons les moyens <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>et de
nouvelles ambitions. Ce qu’il faut, c’est arriver à les réaliser », Conclu
Barroso.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
<b><i>Œuvrer pour un partenariat plus équilibré entre les deux rives de la
Méditerranée</i></b><br />
Le partenariat euro-méditerranéen, ou ce qu’on a pendant longtemps appelé
processus de Barcelone, a été inauguré en Novembre 1995. Il a<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mis en place un large éventail de programmes
touchant à la coopération politique, économique et sociale entre les États
membres de l'UE et les <a href="http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/external_relations/relations_with_third_countries/mediterranean_partner_countries/index_fr.htm">pays
partenaires méditerranéens</a> (PPM). Le processus de Barcelone a offert aux
deux partenaires <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>un cadre unique et
ambitieux où ils pouvaient œuvrer ensemble à construire un espace méditerranéen,
sécurisé, apaisé, assurant le développement économique et garantissant les
échanges socioculturels. Ce partenariat a été mis en œuvre par le biais des <a href="http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/tunisia/eu_tunisia/political_relations/agreements/index_fr.htm">accords
d'association</a> (AA) entre l'UE et les pays méditerranéens partenaires PPM,
et un programme d'assistance intitulé <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(<a href="http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/external_relations/relations_with_third_countries/mediterranean_partner_countries/r15006_fr.htm">MEDA</a>).
Plusieurs évaluations de ce partenariat s’accordent à dire que <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>«le processus de Barcelone a raté son objectif
principal : renforcer le dialogue euro-arabe et surmonter les différences entre
le Nord et le Sud du bassin ... Trop handicapé par les lourdeurs bureaucratiques, il
n'a pas présenté la plate-forme idéale pour les projets et les rêves.
L'ambition initiale a peu à peu disparu.»</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
Alors que la plupart des auteurs s'accordent sur l'échec relatif du processus
de Barcelone, leurs explications quant aux raisons de l’échec et ses causes
sous-jacentes, sont différentes. En résumé, trois facteurs distincts expliqueraient le
revers de médaille du processus de Barcelone : un d’ordre financier, un
autre d’ordre managérial et enfin un autre d’ordre commercial.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
L’argument financier ressort que non seulement le budget alloué au processus était
en deçà des attentes, mais qu’il a été assuré à <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>un pourcentage très faible. A <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>hauteur de<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>moins de 30% pour <a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programme_MEDA">MEDA
I</a>. En outre, un seul projet visant l'innovation (<a href="http://www.enpi-info.eu/mainmed.php?id=113&id_type=10&lang_id=469">EUMEDIS</a>)
a été financé pour environ 1% du budget total. L’argument managérial relève de
la responsabilité des deux parties signataires. Les capacités administratives limitées
des pays méditerranéens partenaires qui ne satisfaisaient pas aux exigences européennes
et une méconnaissance culturelle du côté de l'UE n’ont pas facilité le
processus. Quant à la dimension commerciale, traduite sur le terrain par la
zone de libre-échange, eh bien elle a occulté un principe fondamental pour la
construction du projet euro-méditerranéen, en niant à <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>l'espace euro-méditerranéen ses dimensions
géopolitiques, géoéconomiques et stratégiques. L'élargissement de l'Union
européenne et la mondialisation rampante, ainsi que les éléments cités plus
haut ont favorisé l'émergence de la politique européenne de voisinage (PEV)
depuis 2003. Ce nouveau cadre stratégique a constitué une étape marquante aussi
bien à l’échelle quantitative que qualitative pour ce qui est de la coopération
Nord-Sud. Il a également incarné la dimension stratégique ambitionnée. L'été
2008 a vu le Processus de Barcelone évoluer vers l'UPM. Cette initiative visait
à fournir aux deux rives de la Méditerranée un cadre, une stratégie et des
moyens d'action, ce qui leur aurait permis de faire face ensemble aux défis de
la mondialisation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
L’avènement du printemps arabe a incité l'UE à en mesurer l'importance
historique et reconnaître les conséquences durables d’une <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>profonde transformation sur le peuple
euro-méditerranéen, le monde et l'UE en particulier. De nouvelles réponses pour
un voisinage en mutation, s’imposaient dès lors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>De nouvelles manières de communiquer et des
possibilités pour un nouveau cadre d’échanges euro-méditerranéen, dont les objectifs,
le modus operandi et la feuille de route sont conçus par la communauté euro-méditerranéenne.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Changer de cadre institutionnel dans un
objectif d’efficience</span></i></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le comité de suivi (<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/iscp/index.cfm?lg=en&pg=med_part">MoCo</a>)
a été mis en place par la CE dans le cadre du processus de Barcelone. Il vise à
promouvoir le développement d'un espace euro-méditerranéen pour la science et <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>la technologie en stimulant et en assurant la
coopération en recherche et développement technologique (RDT). Pour atteindre
cet objectif, MoCo propose, entre autres, des plans d'action pour étendre <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/understanding/what/what_is_era_fr.htm">l'espace
européen de la recherche</a> (EER) à toute la région. Il est composé de hauts
fonctionnaires représentant les Ministres de RDT des Etats membres et des PPM.
Il est co-présidé par un représentant du pays assurant la présidence de l'UE et
un co-président de la rive Sud.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
Depuis 2001, lors de sa 8ème réunion à Stockholm, MoCo a concentré ses activités
sur deux objectifs : l’ouverture de l'EER au reste du PPM, et le développement
de liens et de synergies dans le cadre du programme MEDA.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Étant donné que le programme MEDA ne comprend pas les
activités de RDT, il a fallu l'intervention des ministres des Affaires
étrangères. Lors de la Conférence de Naples en 2003, on avait encouragé
fortement l'insertion d'une composante de RDT dans chaque secteur prioritaire.
En outre, « les ministres ont souligné que le développement de la
recherche et de la technologie (RDT) est un outil important pour la stabilité
économique et la croissance de tous les pays du pourtour méditerranéen. Ils ont
convenu que l'ouverture de l'Espace européen de la recherche à tous les partenaires
méditerranéens pouvait renforcer l'intégration régionale dans le court terme
et<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>contribuer à la croissance durable,
la création d'emplois à haute valeur ajoutée, et la promotion des économies
compétitives. »</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
La Déclaration ambitieuse du Caire intitulée : </span><span lang="FR" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">«Vers
un espace euro-méditerranéen de l'</span><em><span lang="FR" style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-style: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">enseignement</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="FR" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></span><span lang="FR" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">supérieur
et de la recherche»</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">, fit l’objet d’un accord interministériel signé en
Juin 2007 au Caire. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">La Charte euro-méditerranéenne pour l'entreprise tente
de faire de la région euro-méditerranéenne une vaste zone de libre-échange et
de prospérité économique. Parmi ses actions, on trouve:</span></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">l’adaptation des programmes des universités
aux besoins des entreprises innovantes,</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">l’encouragement des liens entre l'enseignement
supérieur, la recherche et<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>l'industrie,</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">l’assurance d’un développement rapide de
connaissances au service des PPM,</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">le renforcement de la participation des entreprises
nationales dans les pays riverains de la Méditerranée, celles européennes et
internationales dans <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>les programmes de
technologie,</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">l’encouragement de la participation des <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>entreprises méditerranéennes dans les
programmes internationaux de R & D.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">La coopération entre l’UE et les PPM comporte une
pléthore d'instruments. Parmi ces instruments, nous pouvons énumérer les
éléments suivants:</span></div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le programmes Tempus,
Erasmus Mundus et Marie Curie</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le programme-cadre (<a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septi%C3%A8me_programme-cadre">FP7</a>),</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le programme cadre pour
la compétitivité et l'innovation (<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/cip/index_fr.htm">CIP</a>)</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le programme
euro-méditerranéen de coopération industrielle</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">L'Instrument européen de
voisinage et de partenariat (<a href="http://www.enpi-info.eu/main.php?id=423&id_type=2&lang_id=469">IEVP</a>)</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le programme IEVP de
coopération transfrontalière (<a href="http://www.enpi-info.eu/mainmed.php?id=21389&id_type=1&lang_id=469">CTF</a>)
</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">L'assistance technique et
d'échange d'informations (<a href="http://www.enpi-info.eu/mainmed.php?id=172&id_type=10&lang_id=469">TAIEX</a>)</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">L'instrument de jumelage</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Action de coordination de
l’innovation et de la recherche Méditerranéenne (<a href="http://www.miraproject.eu/project-mira">MIRA</a>) </span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Le projet <a href="http://www.euromedconnect.eu/">EUROMEDCONNECT</a></span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">Facilité euro-méditerranéenne d’investissement et
de partenariat de la Banque européenne d’investissement (<a href="http://www.eib.org/projects/regions/med/index.htm">FEMIP</a>).</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -19.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Un coup d'œil à la liste ci-dessus révèle des
informations importantes sur la structure de la coopération en matière de RDT
entre l’UE et les PPM. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">En fait, les onze éléments énumérés ci-dessus couvrent
la quasi-totalité de ce que pourrait devenir un système régional d'innovation
(SRI). Malheureusement, de nombreux obstacles ont empêché l'émergence d'une
recherche novatrice cohérente et dynamique capable de contribuer <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>davantage à la croissance et d’assurer plus de
bien-être. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Dans ce cadre, nous devons nous attendre à trois
obstacles :</span></div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">L'absence d'un cadre intégré
et cohérent à l’échelle Euro-méditerranéenne. </span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">L’absence d’une
utilisation "soft" des connaissances, </span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Biaisage organisationnel
favorisant le High-tech/Publique.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
Dans la deuxième partie de cet exposé, nous essayerons d’apporter des réponses
sur le quoi et le comment des attentes des peuples des deux rives de la
Méditerranée pour une coopération plus cohérente et mutuellement bénéfique.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-72150473252593727262012-08-10T04:49:00.000-07:002012-08-10T04:49:24.578-07:00DAAD: Interview with Prof. Jelel Ezzine, DG, International Cooperation Directorate General, Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<b><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span><i><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Prof Ezzine, How is the situation of the Tunisian higher education
sector today?</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Presently, we face problems similar to many European countries. For the
last five years or so we have been re-structuring our Higher Education System
according to the Bologna guidelines. This process continues to demand
considerable efforts, but we are determined to successfully converge to Europe’s
best practices. Simultaneously, we have been working hard to improve the
quality of our graduates in general, in particular human sciences degrees
holders, especially after the 14<sup>th</sup> of January. In fact, and due
regards our post revolution context, we are in greater need for qualified graduates
in all fields, especially media, politics and educational sciences to better
respond to the aspiration of our society and empower our citizens to become politically
mature and facilitate the emergence of a powerful civil society. Consequently, I
highly welcome the intensified joint cooperation efforts with Germany in general
and DAAD in particular to foster exchanges in fields of common interest such as
political and educational sciences and related ones.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<b><i><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">What has changed in international cooperation since the revolution?</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Since the Revolution, cooperation interests have increased considerably.
Tunisia is the launching pad of the Arab Spring, giving it a unique post-revolution
leadership position in the region. Old and new partners are engaging with
Tunisia to foster and enhance the blossoming Tunisian Knowledge Society. It
goes without saying, especially due regards Tunisia’s meager natural resources
endowment, that human gray matter is Tunisia’s best present asset and most
valuable future competitive advantage.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">How can DAAD support you in this situation?</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Germany is an important partner for us, and our
cooperation goes back to 1982. In fact, our cooperation resulted in over 30
cooperation agreements between our respective universities and institutions.
Moreover, we have about 3000 <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">Tunisians
studying in German universities, </span>mainly in Engineering Sciences and
related fields. Recently, we have successfully extended our cooperation to
research and innovation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">This long and thriving cooperation has recently
been consolidated due to the post-revolution Tunisian context and challenges.
Indeed, our country is undergoing a great transition and will remain so for the
coming years, and is in much need to learn from successful experiences. In this
regard, Germany is among the few countries that not only succeeded the double
challenge of transformation and integration, but also of decentralization
making of it today the economic engine and innovator of Europe. Of course, this
can’t be achieved without a dynamic and efficient National Innovation System
whose main actors are Universities, Industry and the Government.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Where
can DAAD cooperation give stimulus for the Tunisian higher education sector?</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As I
mentioned earlier, we can learn quite a bit from the German higher education
sector. For instance, the governance structure and related management processes
in universities. In fact, our universities are called to become more
autonomous, to foster innovation, and be the advocate of democracy. As a matter
of fact, our universities responded positively to our revolution, and elected
for the first time in their history their presidents!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Which
DAAD program do you like best?</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As in
any cooperation, or better “partnership,” partners have to converge to a
mutually beneficial shared vision that transcends their fields of
specialization, and tries to be part of a solution to a societal
challenge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For instance, a global societal
challenge is cheap access to sustainable energy. A very promising field in this
context is solar energy, especially Concentrated Solar Power (CSP). Moreover, Tunisia
is a partner country in the German led DESERTEC project. This mega project
intends to supply Europe with solar power generated in North Africa. The
successful implementation of such a project needs scientists, engineers, project
managers and related specialists. DAAD, along with other German partners can
play a key role in launching such structural high tech projects. For instance,
such ideas could be the trigger for developing a green industry in Tunisia, in
particular in the southern part of the country, thus helping the people of
Tunisia and the Euro-Med region reduce their Ecological Footprint, and in doing
so making of our Planet a better place to live.</span></div>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-15327828127081403502012-08-08T06:22:00.000-07:002012-08-08T06:57:44.186-07:00مجتمع معرفة مستدام: أي مكانة في الدستور الجديد؟<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1,"tn":"K"}" dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;">
<span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}"><span dir="rtl">الجمعية التّونسية لتنمية العلوم والتكنولوجيا والتّجديد (TAASTI)</span></span></h2>
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span> <br />
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">في هذه الفترة الهامة من تاريخ تونس حيث تتم الآن صياغة
دستور الجمهورية الثانية تعتبر الجمعية التونسية </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لتنمية العلوم و التكنولوجيا و التجديد</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> أن هذه العملية مسؤولية جسمية فالدساتير لا تعكس الواقع
فقط بل تقدم رؤية وبرنامجا سياسيا و اقتصاديا ومجتمعيا من شأنه أن يحكم البلاد
وينظم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>العلاقات داخلها لفترة طويلة. ولذا
فإن صياغة الدستور تستوجب التمكّن من مقوّمات الفترة السابقة من سلبياتها ومن
ايجابياتها وأن تتجاوز السلبيات وأن تؤكّد وتدعم الإيجابيات و أن يكون الدستور
الجديد وفيا لمبادئ ثورة 14 جانفي 2011. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">في هذا الإطار تذكر الجمعية أن <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تفاقم
عدد العاطلين و خاصة منهم حاملي الشهادات العليا كان السبب الرئيسي لاندلاع الثورة
التونسية. و لن يتم استيفاء أهداف الثورة</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> المتمثلة في الشغل و الحرية و الكرامة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> دون إيجاد منظومة صناعية و خدماتية حديثة ذات محتوى معرفي متطور و
منتوج ذو قيمة مضافة عالية. كما تعتبر أن التونسي برهن من خلال ثورته أنه قادر على
تغيير واقعه و يظل العامل الحاسم في كسب رهان الانتقال من نظام استبدادي إلى مجتمع
معرفة مستدام</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">و </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ديمقراطي.
</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>لعبت
المعرفة دورا هاما في تاريخ البشرية إذ كانت أساس الحضارات الأولى و العامل
الأساسي في تطوير الإنسانية. و قد شهدت العقود الأخيرة تسارع أكبر في نسق إنتاج
المعرفة و انتشارها بفضل تطور تكنولوجيات المعلومات و الاتصال الحديثة مما يجعل
المعرفة المحرك الأول لإرساء مجتمع معرفة مستدام يضمن جودة الحياة ضمن بيئة سليمة.
وقد</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">بينت تجارب الدول المتطورة القائمة على اقتصاد المعرفة أهمية التجديد
في دفع النمو الاقتصادي و النهوض بالتنمية الاجتماعية متبعين </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">نماذج مختلفة لمجتمع المعرفة وفق سياقاتهم
الخاصة. </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">كما أثبتت
دراسات علمية عدة أن إنشاء مجتمع معرفة مزدهر يستند حتما إلى منظومة تجديد وطنية مجدية
ك</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ركيزة أساسية
لتفعيل دور كل المتدخلين : الحكومة و القطاع <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>الصناعي و التعليم العالي و البحث العلمي و
التنسيق بينهم.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">إيمانا منا بأن المعرفة تعد المدخل الرئيسي </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لتحقيق</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> التنمية الشاملة</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> و</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">أداة أساسية لتوسيع خيارات البشر و قدراتهم</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> و رغبة منا في التأكيد على أهمية </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">المعرفة ل</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لتأسيس لمجتمع تونسي متطور و متوازن, </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">نقترح أن يكون الدستور الجديد استشرافيا و مجددا و ذلك
بتضمينه </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">بابا خاصا حول مفهومي مجتمع المعرفة المستدام و المنظومة الوطنية </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">للتجديد</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> ودورهما. إذا استحال ذلك نشدد على ضرورة التنصيص صراحة
على هذين المفهومين في الفصول ذات العلاقة. </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1. مجتمع المعرفة المستدام</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يقوم أي مجتمع معرفة على</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> ثلاثية المجتمع و الاقتصاد و التكنولوجيا أي على تفاعل مجموعة من
السياسات في مجال التعليم وتكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصال ونظام التجديد و النظم
الاقتصادية والمؤسساتية وعلى تضافر جهود كل المتدخلين فيه من مؤسسات الدولة و
القطاع الخاص و المجتمع المدني.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">و قد عرف</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> تقرير برنامج الأمم المتحدة الإنمائي لسنة </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2003</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> مجتمع المعرفة بأنه </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المجتمع</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> الذي يقوم على نشر المعرفة و إنتاجها و توظيفها بكفاءة
في جميع مجالات النشاط المجتمعي: الاقتصاد و المجتمع المدني و السياسة و الحياة
الخاصة حيث أصبحت المعرفة و بشكل متزايد محركا قويا للتحولات الاقتصادية و
الاجتماعية.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">تبنى تقرير اليونسكو الصادر سنة 2005 مفهوم مجتمع
المعرفة و استعمله </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">بصيغة</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"> الجمع
"مجتمعات المعرفة" معتبرا أنه الأكثر مطابقة للتحولات الجارية في العالم
و هو يقوم أساسا على البعد التقاني كما يشكل الاقتصاد الجديد و شبكات الاتصال
المظهرين الأساسيين لبنيته العامة. و قد تم توسيع دلالة مفردة المعرفة في مفهوم
مجتمع المعرفة لتشتمل على الأبعاد الثقافية و ال</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حضارية بحيث لا يظل المفهوم مقتصرا على
البعدين العلمي و التقاني.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2. منظومة التجديد الوطنية</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 366.05pt; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">في خضم التحديات التي تفرضها العولمة<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR" style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>[1]</span></span></span></span></a>، من تطور سريع
لتكنولوجيا المعلومات و الاتصال ، سعت الحكومات إلى إيجاد مقاربات مجدية لدعم
التجديد و </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ذ</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لك من خلال<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>إرساء منظومة وطنية للتجديد</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(NIS) <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a>National
Innovation System</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>. عرف لوندفال </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(Lundvall)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> المنظومة بكونها
" جميع أجزاء و جوانب الهيكلة الاقتصادية و المؤسساتية التي تؤثر في التعلم و
البحث و التجديد."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يتجلى اليوم لكل الأخصائيين و اخذي القرار أن الأخذ بناصية العلم و
التكنولوجيا هو الطريق الوحيد للولوج إلى مجتمع معرفة مستدام يتم من خلاله القضاء
على البطالة و تحسين ملموس لرفاهة المواطن خاصة في البلدان محدودة الموارد
الطبيعية مثل تونس. في هذا الإطار تعد فنلندا من الدول الرائدة في إرساء مجتمع
معرفة مزدهر يرتكز على نسبة تمدرس عالية وعدد أوراق علمية مفهرسة عليا و عدد
براءات اختراع مرتفعة و هو ما يبوء<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>المقاربة الفنلندية للتجديد لأن تكون نموذجا (الرسم البياني عدد1) لتونس حيث
تتسم منظومة التجديد الوطنية بحداثتها و ضعفها الهيكلي (الرسم البياني عدد2).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.1.منظومة التجديد
الفنلندية كنموذج</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تقوم المقاربة الفنلندية
على ترابط مختلف الحلقات المكونة لسلسلة التجديد من خلال التكامل و التفاعل بين
البحوث الأساسية و البحوث التطبيقية و هو ما يمكن من تثمين نتائج البحث. </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ويتجسد</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> هذا الربط على المستوى المؤسساتي من خلال إحداث
هياكل تمويل عمومية تقوم بالربط بين العلوم و الصناعة.</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">كما يتدخل القطاع الخاص بفنلندا في جميع حلقات سلسلة التجديد إما من خلال
معاهد البحوث و المخابر الخاصة أو عن طريق تمويل البحوث الأساسية صلب الجامعات و </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">معاهد</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> البحوث العمومية و تتولى شركات الاستثمار و شركات
رأس المال المخطر ترويج المنتوج و تسويقه. </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إن الدور الفعال
للقطاع الخاص </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">من خلال المساهمة في تمويل البحث و التطوير</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> (شركة نوكيا على
سبيل المثال) </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يعد</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">أهم أسباب نجاح المنظومة الفنلندية. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody>
<tr><td><div>
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></b>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474" name="OLE_LINK195"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK190;"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الرسم البياني عدد1: </span></b></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK195;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK190;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الأطراف الفاعلة في سلسلة التجديد</span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK195;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK190;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK195;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK190;"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفنلندية كنموذج</span></b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">المبالغ التي توجد مع الهياكل تشير إلى
مساهمتها في حلقة الابتكار بالمليون اورو.</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">بينما الأرقام التي توجد بين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>قوسين تشير إلى مساهمة الدولة مع تلك الهياكل.</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br />
<b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span></b></div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK195;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK190;"></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK190;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK195;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المصدر: الوكالة الفنلندية لتمويل التكنولوجيا و</span></b><b><u><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></u></b><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التجديد</span></b><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">www. Tekes.fi / Tekes : R /D
Finlande</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474" name="OLE_LINK196"></a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474" name="OLE_LINK201"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></span></a>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.2. منظومة التجديد التونسية</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">في تونس, و على ال</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">رغم من المراهنة على التعليم و أهمية الإنفاق العمومي يجد الشباب
التونسي المتعلم نفسه أمام مفارقة حقيقية تتجلى في نسبة بطالة عالية لحاملي
الشهادات العليا مقارنة </span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">بغير</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> المتعلمين. و تظل هذه المعضلة الاجتماعية المصدر الرئيسي لتأزم و عدم
استقرار الوضع الاجتماعي.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>يرجع ذلك أساسا إلى تشتت
حلقات سلسلة التجديد و تبعثرها</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> فالربط بين العلوم
و الصناعة يبدو ضعيفا إذ </span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">العلاقة</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> بين الجامعات و
هياكل البحث العمومية و القطاع الخاص تكاد تكون مفقودة كما أنه من</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> الصعب على الحكومة بمفردها أن تحقق تقدما
تكنولوجيا</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">في ظل الدور المحدود الذي يلعبه القطاع الخاص.
كل هذا أدى إلى عدم خلق ديناميكية في المنظومة الوطنية ل</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لتجديد</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> بتونس مما حال </span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">دون تثمين البحوث
العلمية (الرسم البياني عدد2)</span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الرسم البياني عدد2: </span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK201;"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK196;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الأطراف الفاعلة في سلسلة التجديد التون</span></b></span></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">سية</span></b><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="mso-bidi-language: AR-AE;"></span></b></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody>
<tr><td><div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br />
<b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"></span></b></div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b>
<br />
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> للالتحاق بكوكبة الدول المتقدمة مثل فنلندا يتعين</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إعادة
هيكلة منظومة التجديد الوطنية من تعليم و بحث<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>و نسيج صناعي متكامل بالاعتماد على مقاربة مرحلية متكاملة و منظوماتية
تتماشى و السياق الوطني و هو ما يجب أن ينص عليه الدستور الجديد و مختلف التشريعات
الوطنية. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">اقتناعا منا بالأهمية القصوى للموارد البشرية التونسية في إنشاء مجتمع
مزدهر, خاصة في ظل محدودية الموارد الطبيعية الوطنية, وخلق المعرفة و نشرها و
تكريسها لتلبية حاجات المجتمع من خلال منظومة تربوية و بحثية متكاملة في تفاعل مع
منظومة صناعية و خدماتية مجددة في إطار مؤسساتي ناجع و مرن تقترح الجمعية إدراج
مفهومي مجتمع المعرفة المستدام و منظومة التجديد الوطنية و ركائزهما في الدستور
الجديد (</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">II</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ولأدراك هذه الغاية تم الاستئناس بتجارب عدد
من الدول المتطورة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> باعتماد القياس
(</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">I</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>المقاربات الدستورية
المقارنة</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">I</span></b><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">من المهم التأكيد على أن مفهومي "مجتمع
المعرفة المستدام" و "المنظومة الوطنية للتجديد" لم يقع التنصيص
عليهما صراحة في الدساتير المقارنة بل كان ذلك بصورة ضمنية من خلال التعرض الى
شروط إقامة هذا المجتمع في أبواب مختلفة من الدستور دون أدنى ربط بينها. و قد تم
اعتماد نفس هذا التمشي في التجارب الدستورية التي تم الاستئناس بها</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">في هذه الورقة في
كل من فنلندا و ألمانيا وليتوانيا و البرازيل.</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يتميز مجتمع المعرفة بصبغته التشاركية و
المدمجة للجميع فهو متصل بشكل وثيق بالديمقراطية و احترام حقوق الإنسان في
شموليتها و ترابطها و كونيتها و حماية الحريات العامة و الفردية فإنتاج المعرفة و
نشرها و تطبيقها بشكل مجدد يقتضي حماية لمختلف هذه الجوانب التي تعتبر قاطرة
للمعرفة</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. ف</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">عادة ما تتعرض
الدساتير إلى الشروط الأساسية لإنشاء مجتمع المعرفة من زاوية الحريات وحقوق الإنسان
لكن هذه الجوانب على أهميتها لن يتم التعرض لها بالتفصيل لأنها تعد ركائز أي نظام
ديمقراطي و سيتم الاكتفاء بالتعرض للحقوق المدنية و الاقتصادية و الثقافية ذات
العلاقة المباشرة بمجتمع المعرفة المستدام و المنظومة الوطنية للتجديد و </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يكون ذلك بضمان الدستور لحرية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>البحث و التعليم و الحق في التعليم الأساسي و
التكوين باعتباره رافدا أساسيا للمعرفة وما يتصل به من مجانية التعليم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>في مراحله الأساسية</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> و </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">منظومة بحث علمي مجددة و متفاعلة مع محيطها.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> كما أنه </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لا يمكن التوصل إلى إرساء منظومة وطنية للتجديد و دفع
الاستثمارات و المنافسة في مختلف المجالات الاقتصادية و الثقافية دون توفير إطار
دستوري يحمي </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الملكية الفكرية
التي تتضمن كل إبداع فكري من اختراعات و مصنفات علمية. </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.الدستور الف</span></b><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ن</span></b><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لندي</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل16 الحقوق التربوية</span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لكل مواطن الحق في تعليم أساسي مجاني...</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تضمن السلط العمومية للمواطنين , حسب
إمكاناتهم و احتياجاتهم الخاصة, نفس الفرص في مواصلة التعلم والحق في التكوين
المستمر و تدعيم المهارات مع الحرص على ألا تحول الخصاصة دون ذلك.</span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حرية العلوم و الفنون و التعليم العالي
مضمونة.</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Chapter 2 - Basic rights and liberties</span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Section 16 - Educational rights</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Everyone has the right to basic education free of charge.<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span dir="RTL"></span>...</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The public authorities shall, as provided in more
detail by an Act, guarantee for everyone equal opportunity to</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">receive other educational services in
accordance with their ability and special needs, as well as the opportunity to</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">develop themselves without being prevented
by economic hardship.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The freedom of science, the arts and higher education
is guaranteed.<i><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"></span></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل20 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>المسؤولية إزاء الطبيعة</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يتحمل الجميع مسؤولية المحافظة على البيئة و تنوعها و على التراث
الثقافي الوطني. تعمل الدولة من جهتها على ضمان حق كل فرد في بيئة سليمة و في
إمكانية التأثير على القرارات المتعلقة بالبيئة التي يعيش فيها.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Section 20 - Responsibility for the environment</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Nature and its biodiversity, the environment and the
national heritage are the responsibility of everyone.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The public authorities shall endeavour to guarantee
for everyone the right to a healthy environment and for everyone</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">the possibility to influence the decisions
that concern their own living environment.<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">الفصل 123
الجامعات و المؤسسات التعليمية الأخرى</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">تتمتع
الجامعات بالاستقلالية حسبما يضبطه القانون. و يتولى القانون كذلك ضبط المبادئ
المتعلقة بالمرافق التعليمية الأخرى التابعة للدولة و البلديات و تلك المنتمية
للمؤسسات التعليمية الخاصة.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Chapter 11 - Administration and self-government</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Section 123 - Universities and other education
providers<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The universities are self-governing, as provided in
more detail by an Act.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Provisions on the principles governing the other
educational services arranged by the State and the municipalities, as</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">well as on the right to arrange
corresponding education in private educational<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span>institutions, are laid down by an Act.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 87.75pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.الدستور الألماني</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل 5 فقرة 3</span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حرية الفنون و البحث و التعليم مكفولة. حرية
التعليم لا تعفي أي شخص من احترام الدستور.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.65pt; margin-bottom: 7.1pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 5 Freedom of expression, arts and
sciences </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>...</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(3) Arts and sciences, research and
teaching shall be free. The freedom of teaching shall not release any person
from allegiance to the constitution </span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>الفصل 7
النظام التعليمي</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يكون كامل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>النظام التعليمي تحت رقابة الدولة.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.55pt; margin-bottom: 4.8pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Article 7 </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.55pt; margin-bottom: 7.1pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">School system </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">(1)
The entire school system shall be under the supervision of the state. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل 91 ب</span></b><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> تقاسم الاختصاصات بين الدولة الفيدرالية و
الدول الأعضاء فيما يتعلق ببرامج التعليم و النهوض بالبحث العلمي:</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يمكن للدولة الفيدرالية و الدول الأعضاء
الاتفاق على التعاون في حالات تكتسي أهمية وطنية وذلك للنهوض ب:</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.65pt; margin-bottom: 7.1pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 91b Education programmes and
promotion of research </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 7.1pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 59.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-alt: 11.55pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(1) The Federation and the Länder may mutually agree
to cooperate in cases of supraregional importance in the promotion of: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.8pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">research facilities and projects apart
from institutions of higher education; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.8pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">scientific projects and research at
institutions of higher education; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">construction of facilities at institutions
of higher education, including large scientific installations. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 7.1pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-alt: 11.55pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Agreements under clause 2 of paragraph (1) shall
require the consent of all the Länder. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.85pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(2) The Federation and the Länder may mutually agree
to cooperate for the assessment of the performance of educational systems in
international comparison and in drafting relevant reports and recommendations. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(3) The apportionment of costs shall be
regulated in the pertinent agreement. </span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">الفصل 91 ت </span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.65pt; margin-bottom: 7.1pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 91c Information
technology systems </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(1) The Federation and the Länder may
cooperate in planning, constructing, and operating information technology
systems needed to discharge their responsibilities. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; page-break-before: always; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.85pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(2) The Federation and the Länder may agree to specify the standards and
security requirements necessary for exchanges between their information
technology systems. Agreements regarding the bases of cooperation under the
first sentence may provide, for individual responsibilities determined by their
content and scope, that detailed regulations be enacted with the consent of a
qualified majority of the Federation and the Länder as laid down in the
agreements. They require the consent of the Bundestag and the legislatures of
the participating Länder; the right to withdraw from these agreements cannot be
precluded. The agreements shall also regulate the sharing of costs. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.85pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(3) The Länder may also agree on the joint operation of information
technology systems along with the establishment of installations for that
purpose. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(4) For linking the information networks of the
Federation and the Länder, the Federation shall establish a connecting network.
Details regarding the establishment and the operation of the connecting network
shall be regulated by a federal law with the consent of the Bundesrat. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">*ينص الفصل 73 من <b>الدستور الألماني</b>
على أن الدولة الاتحادية تنفرد باختصاص التشريع حول حقوق الملكية الصناعية و
الأدبية و النشر.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 73 Matters under exclusive
legislative power of the Federation </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(1) The Federation shall have exclusive
legislative power with respect to: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.8pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>....</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3.8pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>9. industrial
property rights, copyrights and publishing<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span dir="RTL"></span>.</span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.الدستور الليتواني</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل40</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تتمتع مؤسسات التعليم العالي بالاستقلالية.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تمارس الدولة رقابة على نشاط المؤسسات
التربوية.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 7.2pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 40 </span></b><span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-top: 1.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">L’autonomie
est accordée aux établissements d’enseignement supérieur. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">L’État exerce un contrôle sur activité des établissements
d’enseignement et d’éducation.</span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل41</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التعليم </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يهدف التعليم إلى التنمية الكاملة للشخصية البشرية في
إطار احترام الحقوق و الحريات. على هذا الأساس يكون لكل مواطن الحق في التعليم و
التكوين المهني و التكوين المستمر و في الاعتراف له بما اكتسب من مهارات.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التعليم إجباري إلى سن السادسة عشر.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التعليم مجاني في المؤسسات التابعة للدولة و
الجماعات المحلية ...</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التعليم الجامعي متاح لجميع المواطنين كل حسب
قدراته. </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 7.2pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 41 </span></b><span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-top: 1.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">L’instruction
est obligatoire jusqu’à l’âge de seize ans. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-top: 1.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">L’enseignement
est gratuit dans les écoles dépendant de l’État et des collectivités locales,
qu’elles soient d’enseignement général, professionnel ou supérieur. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">L’enseignement supérieur est accessible à chacun selon ses
aptitudes. L’enseignement gratuit dans les écoles supérieures de l’État est
garanti aux citoyens qui poursuivent leurs études avec succès.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يضمن <b>الفصل 42</b> حرية الثقافة و العلوم
و البحث و التعليم.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تدعم </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الدولة
الثقافة و العلم و تحمي التاريخ و الفن و كل مكونات التراث الثقافي الوطني.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يصون القانون الحقوق المعنوية و المادية للمؤلف و المتعلقة بأثر علمي
تقني ثقافي أو فني. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 7.2pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 42 </span></b><span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-top: 1.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">La
culture, la science et la recherche ainsi que l’enseignement sont libres. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-top: 1.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">L’État
soutient la culture et la science et protège l’histoire, l’art et tous les autres
monuments et objets du pa-trimoine culturel de la Lituanie. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Les intérêts moraux et matériels d’un auteur relatifs à une oeuvre
scientifique, technique, culturelle ou artisti-que sont protégés et défendus
par la loi.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.الدستور البرازيلي</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل 5 فقرة 9</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">"يكون التعبير عن النشاط الفكري و الفني و العلمي و الإعلامي حرا
و غير خاضع إلى أي رقابة أو ترخيص.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Article 5. 9</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">the expression of
intellectual, artistic, scientific, and communications activities is free,</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">independently of
censorship or license;</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل 5 من الفقرة 27الى 29 حول حماية الحرية
الفكرية</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">27. احتكار استعمال و نشر و نسخ الأعمال حق يتمتع به أصحابها و يرجع
فيما بعد إلى ورثتهم لمدة يحددها القانون. </span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>28.</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يضمن القانون :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حماية المشاركة الفردية في أعمال جماعية كما
يوفر حماية استنساخ الصور و الصوت البشري بما في ذلك الأنشطة الرياضية.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حق المبدعين و المترجمين و ممثليهم النقابيين
أو الجمعيات في مراقبة الاستغلال الاقتصادي للأعمال التي أنجزوها أو شاركوا في
انجازها.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">29. يضمن القانون لأصحاب الاختراعات الصناعية
استغلالها بشكل احتكاري لمدة معينة كما أنه يوفر حماية الاختراعات الصناعية و ملكية
العلامات و الأسماء التجارية و باقي العلامات المميزة و ذلك لحماية الصالح الاجتماعي
و التطور التكنولوجي و الاقتصادي للبلاد.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span dir="LTR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Article 5. 27</span></b><span dir="LTR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the exclusive right of use, publication or
reproduction of works rests upon their authors and is transmissible to their
heirs for the time the law shall establish; <b>28</b>. under the terms of the
law, the following are ensured: 1. protection of individual participation in
collective works and of reproduction of the human image and voice, sports
activities included; 2. the right to authors, interpreters and respective
unions and associations to monitor the economic exploitation of the works which
they create or in which they participate; <b>29</b>. the law shall ensure the
authors of industrial inventions of a temporary privilege for their use, as
well as protection of industrial creations, property of trademarks, names of
companies and other distinctive signs, viewing the social interest and the
technological and economic development of the country;</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">الفصل 218</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">يتحتم على الدولة النهوض و
تشجيع التقدم العلمي و الأبحاث و التكنولوجيا.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">1.يجب على الدولة أن تعطي وضعا
تفاضليا للبحوث العلمية الأساسية و ذلك بالنظر إلى ما توفره على مستوى الرفاهة
العامة و تقدم العلوم.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">2.يجب أن تهدف الأبحاث
التكنولوجية أساسا إلى حل مشاكل البرازيل و إلى تنمية منظومة الإنتاج الوطني و
المحلي.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">3.يجب أن تدعم الدولة تدريب و
تكوين الموارد البشرية في مجال العلم و البحث العلمي و التكنولوجيا و يجب أن توفر
أدوات الخاصة للعمل و الشروط للذين يباشرون تلك الأنشطة.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">4. يجب أن يدعم القانون الشركات
التي تستثمر في البحث العلمي, خلق التكنولوجيا المناسبة للبلاد, تدريب و تطوير
مواردها البشرية و تلك التي تعتمد نظام أجور يسمح للموظفين بتقاسم الأرباح المتأتية
من انتجاية عملهم اظافة إلى رواتبهم.</span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">5. تعمل الدول الأعضاء و الدولة الاتحادية على
تقاسم موارد الميزانية لإعانة الهياكل العمومية التي تعمل على النهوض بالتكوين
العلمي و التكنولوجي و البحوث. </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Article
218</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
State shall promote and foster scientific development, research and technological
expertise. Paragraph 1 - Basic scientific research shall receive preferential
treatment from the State, with a view to public well-being and the advancement
of science Paragraph 2 - Technological research shall be directed mainly to the
solution of Brazilian problems and to the development of the national and
regional productive system. Paragraph 3 - The State shall support the training
of human resources in the areas of science, research and technology and shall
offer special work means and conditions to those engaged in such activities.
Paragraph 4 - The law shall support and foster the companies which invest in
research, creation of technology appropriate for the country, training and
improvement of their human resources and those which adopt remuneration systems
that ensure employees a share of the economic earnings rcsulting from the
productivity of their work, apart from the salary. Paragraph 5 - The states and
the Federal District may allocate a share of their budgetary revenues to public
entities which foster scientific and technological education and research.</span><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"></span></span></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">الفصل 219</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">تمثل السوق المحلية جزء من
التراث الوطني و يجب دعمه للسماح بتنمية ثقافية و اجتماعية و اقتصادية و رفاهة
المواطنين و الاكتفاء الذاتي التكنولوجي للدولة.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Article
219</span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The domestic market is pan of the national
patrimony and shall be supported with a view to permitting cultural and
socio-economic development, the well-being of the population and the
technological autonomy of the country, as set forth in a federal law.<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">II</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>.المقاربة
الدستورية التونسية المقترحة</span></b><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تماشيا مع مطالب الثورة في الحرية و
الكرامة وطابعها السلمي و المجدد في استغلال التقنيات المعلوماتية الحديثة للإطاحة
بالدكتاتورية </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ت</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">قترح جمعيتنا تجسيم
روح الثورة في الدستور الجديد من خلال التأكيد على أن </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إنتاج المعرفة و نشرها و تطبيقها بشكل مجدد
يقتضي بناء مؤسسات ديمقراطية و احترام حقوق الإنسان في بعدها الكوني</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">.</span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">في هذا السياق نقترح أن تنص التوطئة على </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">"المنظومة الوطنية للتجديد" و
"مجتمع المعرفة"</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">باعتبارهما أحد ركائز التنمية المستدامة و الرفاهة في
المجتمع التونسي (1). من جهة أخرى نقترح </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إدراج باب خاص بمجتمع معرفة </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">مستدام<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR" style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>[3]</span></span></span></span></a> يقوم على </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">مقاربة شاملة و متكاملة تعتمد على</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إنتاج و نشر و استعمال المعرفة ضمن " مجتمع معرفة
مستدام" يرتكز أساسا على البحث العلمي و التجديد كمحرك لإنشاء صناعة ذات
مضمون تقني عالي كمصدر لتنمية مستدامة توفر فرص تشغيل وافرة لحاملي الشهادات
العليا و تضمن جودة حياة عالية للمواطن التونسي. و لتحقيق هذه الرؤيا يستوجب
اعتماد أطر منظومة التجديد على المستوى الوطني و الجهوي و القطاعي و/ أو التكنولوجي
(2).</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التوطئة </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تضمن الدولة
الوصول إلى المعرفة باعتبارها رافدا أساسيا لتنمية الشخصية و لتحقيق التنمية
المستدامة. يقوم الدستور بوضع أسس مجتمع معرفة ديمقراطي و منفتح يقوم على منظومة
وطنية للتجديد من شأنها تحسين نوعية الحياة لكل المواطنين و تحرير إمكانات الأفراد
و تطوير أشكال التضامن بين أجيال الحاضر و المستقبل.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2. الباب
الخاص بمجتمع المعرفة </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل1</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يتوقف تحصيل المعرفة و إنتاجها و نشرها على
ضمان حقوق الإنسان </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">في كونيتها و ترابطها و شموليتها.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل2</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يهدف التعليم إلى التنمية الكاملة للشخصية
البشرية في إطار احترام الحقوق و الحريات. على هذا الأساس يكون لكل مواطن الحق في التعليم
و التكوين المهني و التكوين المستمر و في الاعتراف له بما اكتسب من مهارات.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التعليم إجباري و مجاني إلى سن السادسة عشر و
هو</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حق للطفل وواجب على الأسرة و الدولة</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. كما يجب فتح باب التعليم الجامعي أمام جميع
المواطنين كل حسب طاقته. </span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تشرف الدولة على تنظيم و تسيير مرفق التعليم
و تضمن جودته وحياده.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تعمل </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الدولة
و المؤسسات العمومية و الجماعات المحلية على تعبئة كل الوسائل المتاحة لتيسير
أسباب استفادة المواطنين و المواطنات على قدم المساواة من الحق في الحصول على
تعليم و تكوين مهني جمهوري, عصري و ذي جودة.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل3</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">حرية التعليم و البحث العلمي مضمونة.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تحمي الدولة</span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الحريات الأكاديمية و الجامعية. و لا تتدخل السلطة
التنفيذية في الشؤون العلمية و البيداغوجية الراجعة للجامعات.</span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل4</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تعمل الدولة على ضمان الحق في بيئة سليمة و على الحفاظ على التنوع
البيئي و الموارد الطبيعية و التراث الثقافي للشعب ضد كل تهديد أو إتلاف أو استحواذ.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل5</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تحمي الدولة </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الملكية الفكرية بهدف تشجيع التجديد. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تشمل هذه الحماية الملكية الأدبية و الفنية و الملكية الصناعية و
خصوصا جميع المصنفات و براءات الاختراع و الرسوم و النماذج الصناعية و العلامات
التجارية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الفصل6</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تدعم الدولة و القطاع
الخاص البحث العلمي و التقني من خلال تشجيع البحوث الأساسية و التطبيقية </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">و توفير ظروف عمل مناسبة في مخابر بحث مجهزة </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">و عصرية.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تعتبر المنظومة الوطنية للتجديد أساس التنمية
الشاملة و المتوازنة و </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يضبط القانون القواعد المتعلقة بالمنظومة الوطنية
للتجديد.</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تعمل الدولة على نشر ثقافة ا</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">لتجديد</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">و التشجيع على البحث و التطوير لدى المؤسسات الخاصة. كما
تقوم </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الدولة بتركيز منظومة تجديد على المستوى الجهوي باعتبارها مكونا
أساسيا للتنمية في الجهات.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">فصل7</span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يتم إحداث المجلس الوطني للتعليم والتكوين</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ضبط السياسات العمومية في مجالات التعليم و
التكوين و البحث العلمي و </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">السهر على توطيد العلاقة بين ال</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">جامعات و هياكل البحث العمومية و
القطاع الخاص. </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.5pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -1.75pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span>.</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> يحظى مفهوم </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المنظومة </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">الوطنية</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> للتجديد<span style="color: #3366ff;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">باهتمام من قبل
المنظمات الدولية من ذلك منظمة التعاون و التنمية الاقتصادية و</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المفوضية الأوروبية
و البنك الدولي.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span dir="RTL"></span>. </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يقر بعض المنظرين أن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>مفهوم
المنظومة الوطنية للتجديد يرجع إلى <b>فريديريشت لييست </b></span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Fredericht List</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(1841)</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">من خلال دراسته "المنظومات الوطنية للإنتاج"</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ational syste</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ms of production </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>". و قد أكد على حاجة الدولة
إلى العناية بالبنية التحتية و تعزيز المؤسسات الوطنية من أجل تدعيم تراكم رأس
المال العقلي و استخدامها لتحفيز التنمية الاقتصادية</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span dir="LTR" lang="FR"> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span dir="RTL"></span>. </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">و إن استحال ذلك
فضرورة أن تتضمن مختلف الأبواب هذه الأحكام المتعلقة بمجتمع المعرفة.</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-86481610360838955562012-07-17T06:26:00.001-07:002015-01-20T01:08:16.004-08:00TunisiaSat1423: La Tunisie libre relève le défi de l’espace!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt;">Motivations : </span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">La Tunisie libre <b>ambitionne</b>, plus que jamais,
d’accélérer sa <b>convergence</b> avec les pays développés en conjuguant
intelligemment des facteurs multiples afin d’<b>innover</b> et ainsi accroître
les retombés économiques et sociales.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">A cet effet, la Tunisie a consenti, depuis l’indépendance, des efforts
soutenus pour ériger et organiser son <b>Système National d’Innovation<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">[1]</span></b></span></span></span></a></b>
(SNI), et ainsi jeter les jalons fondamentaux de la <b>Société du Savoir</b>.
Cet instrument stratégique et structurant a pour fonction de stimuler la chaîne
d’innovation nationale et d’assurer une synergie entre le savoir, le savoir-faire
et la société, en mettant les connaissances au service du <b>développement
économique</b> et le <b>bien-être</b> du citoyen.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Toutefois, le processus complexe et onéreux de la restructuration de
l’environnement économique, dont le SNI est une composante principale, limite
sensiblement les marges de manœuvre du pays pour la <b>résorption du chômage</b>,
et en particulier celui des <b>diplômés du supérieur</b>. La <b>cause
principale</b> derrière cette situation insatisfaisante est l’<b>incapacité</b>
de l’industrie tunisienne d’absorber ce gisement de main-d’œuvre et
d’ingénieurs jeunes et qualifiés et ce, malgré un programme de mise à niveau
industriel. C’est pour cette raison qu’il y a urgence à susciter de <b>nouvelles</b>
pratiques <b>stratégiques</b> et <b>institutionnelles</b>. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Afin de répondre à ces nouvelles exigences compréhensives et pour
engendrer des innovations plus rapidement que le passé, le pays est incontestablement
appelé à relever le défi de se donner les moyens qui associent plus étroitement
que présentement la recherche et les contextes d’utilisation de ses résultats
en intégrant adroitement compétitivité industrielle dans les technologies de
pointe, emplois à haute valeur ajouté et qualité de vie.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt;">Proposition :</span></b><span lang="FR"> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Le programme pilote <b>TunisiaSat1423</b>
aspire à répondre aux exigences multidimensionnelles et compréhensives évoquées
précédemment. En effet, ce projet pilote propose la conception, l’intégration,
le test et le lancement d’un <b>Microsatellite</b> à un <b>coût</b> <b>négligeable</b>
(Low Cost), de faible masse et aux performances élevées. Le présent projet
pilote est appelé à intégrer trois processus interdépendants et
complémentaires : (i) la <b>formation</b> des compétences et le <b>transfert</b>
des connaissances, (ii) la recherche et l’<b>innovation</b>, et enfin (iii) la <b>création</b>
de PME dans le domaine de la <b>technologie spatiale</b>. En d’autres termes,
démontrer, via ce projet pilote, qu’il est possible de dynamiser le SNI en
pilotant ses composantes multiples de façon à « faire système ».</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">De surcroît, sur les plans <b>leadership politique</b> et <b>visibilité</b>
scientifique et technologique, le programme pilote <b>TunisiaSat1423</b>
devrait être un début de réaction à la <b>ruée</b> spatiale de nos voisins
magrébins, de certains pays africains et de plusieurs économies émergentes. En
effet, la Tunisie est aujourd’hui devancée par des pays qui possèdent au minimum
une expérience de <b>microsatellite</b> de <b>télédétection</b> comme
l’Algérie, l’Egypte, la Libye, et le Maroc, eux-mêmes distancés par une poignée
de pays africains comme l’Afrique du Sud et le Nigeria.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="FR">Le cas de
l’Algérie</span></u><span lang="FR"> :</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> Depuis peu, l’Algérie fait appel aux technologies spatiales pour
répondre aux besoins liés à son développement économique. Le pivot du programme
spatiale algérien est l’<b>ASAL</b> (Agence Spatiale Algérienne), créée le 1<sup>er</sup>
Janvier 2002. Ses objectifs principaux sont la sécurité et le bien-être du
pays. L’Algérie s’apprête à lancer son deuxième système de microsatellite,
Alsat-2 (constitué d’Alsat-2A et d’Alsat-2B). Ce dernier transmettra des images
de haute qualité utiles pour la cartographie, la foresterie, la gestion des
ressources agricoles et des catastrophes naturelles, la localisation des
minéraux et de pétrole ainsi que pour la surveillance des nuées de criquets.
Alsat-2 fait partie du programme spatial algérien 2006-2020 avec un budget
d’environ <b><u>US$ 1,3 Milliard.</u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">L’Algérie est aussi associée, dans le cadre de la mission
internationale <b>DMC</b> (Disaster Monitoring Constellation),<b><i> </i></b>à
quatre autres satellites respectivement <b>britannique</b>, <b>chinois</b>, <b>nigérien</b>,
et <b>turc</b>. De plus, l’Algérie étudie avec la <b>ligue arabe</b>
l’initiative <b>ASEO</b> (Arab Satellites for Earth Observation) qui comprendrait
trois microsatellites à haute résolution (2,5 m). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 16.0pt;">Résultats : </span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Le projet proposé est </span><span lang="FR">parfaitement
réalisable et </span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">certainement </span><span lang="FR">rentable</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">. De plus, il est
doublement avantageux dans le sens que parallèlement aux objectifs visés, la
réussite, même partielle du projet, aurait des retombées collatérales positives
de très grande importance : <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="FR">La raison d’être
de la proposition :</span></u><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> La
finalité de ce <b>projet pilote</b> n’est rien d’autre que l’amorçage du SNI,
moteur de la « <b>Société du Savoir »</b>, et ceci à travers (i)
la <b>formation</b> des compétences et le <b>transfert</b> des connaissances, (ii)
la recherche et l’<b>innovation</b>, et enfin (iii) la <b>création</b> de PME
dans le domaine de la <b>technologie spatiale </b>gourmande en main-d’œuvre
hautement qualifiée.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Effectivement, la solution préconisée est l’<b>Accumulation Intégrée </b></span><b><span lang="FR">des Capabilités</span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> par
le biais d’un projet pilote concret de transfert et de maîtrise de technologies
avancées dans le domaine spatial, notamment les <b>télécommunications</b>. En
résumé, ce projet vise à la conception, l’intégration et le lancement de <b>TunisiaSat21</b>,
un microsatellite d’observation de la Terre à un <b>coût négligeable</b>. Les résultats
recherchés sont : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 53.4pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 53.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">L’accélération du rattrapage technologique, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 53.4pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 53.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">La stimulation de l’économie, et</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 53.4pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 53.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">La création d’emplois high-tech.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Ce programme favorisera certainement l’émergence de spin-offs capable
de fournir des services spécialisés et sophistiqués à l’image des deux entreprises
belges, Amos (55 travailleurs hautement qualifiés et un chiffre d’affaires de
6,5 millions d’euros) et Spacebel (90 personnes et un chiffre d’affaire de 6,3
millions d’euros).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="FR">La cerise sur le
gâteau :</span></u><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> Il est <b>agréablement</b>
important de noter, dans le cadre de cette proposition, que <b>parallèlement</b>
à l’apprentissage, la recherche dans les domaines de gestion et de pilotage des
programmes d’innovation complexes, en d’autres termes, la maîtrise de la
« Technologie Sociale », les retombées collatérales positives potentielles
sont édifiantes : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">L’intégration de la Tunisie dans le club des
pays maîtrisant les technologies spatiales,</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">La consolidation de la visibilité scientifique
et technologique de la Tunisie, et</span></li>
<li><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Un jalon du quinquennat du défi, marque du
leadership politique de la Tunisie dans son espace géopolitique. </span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="FR">Tableau
récapitulatif :</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td colspan="4" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 383.7pt;" valign="top" width="512"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR">Accumulation
Intégrée des Capabilités</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR">Réalisation</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 94.95pt;" width="127"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR">Coût</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.8pt;" width="104"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR">Durée</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 114.45pt;" width="153"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR">Cadre</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 96.5pt;" width="129"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FR">Objectifs</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" width="104"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR">TunisiaSat1423</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 94.95pt;" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">15 à 30 Millions DT</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.8pt;" width="104"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">3 à 4 années</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 114.45pt;" width="153"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Ecole doctorale
et/ou réseau de recherche, et/ou …</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 96.5pt;" width="129"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Dynamiser le SNI,
et créer des emplois high-tech, …</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" width="104"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="FR">Remarques</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 94.95pt;" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Gros
satellites : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">~ 500 Millions DT.</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.8pt;" width="104"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Il est possible de
limiter la durée à 3 ans.</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 114.45pt;" width="153"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Institutions
publiques et privées : universités, centres de recherche, <u>partenaires
étrangers</u>, ...</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 96.5pt;" width="129"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Visibilité
scientifique </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="FR" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">et technologique, leadership
politique, </span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3434448714655969474#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="FR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="FR"> Selon l’OCDE (Organisation de coopération et développement
économiques), un système d’innovation est un réseau d’institutions publiques et
privées qui par leurs activités et leurs interactions créent, accumulent et
transfèrent des connaissances, des compétences et des objets qui sont à
l’origine de technologies nouvelles. Ces institutions sont des entreprises, des
universités, des organismes de recherche publique, des associations
professionnelles ou scientifiques, des organismes publics ou parapubliques ou
encore des organismes de la propriété intellectuelle.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-58641945099266043772012-07-16T06:38:00.003-07:002012-07-16T06:38:33.429-07:00Towards a Vision for Free Tunisia.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This is my last RTCI broadcast of Simply Speaking, it tries to describe in a very simple manner a potential vision for Tunisia. Of course, it is mainly building on the previous broadcasts where issues and concepts such as the "Tragedy of the Commons," "Climate Change," and "Sustainable Energy" among others were introduced, explained and shared with RTCI audience.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxBewIN-9ulgRDHu9Xe5G2HtzUjADAXIC8ThJuKR0dTMsWzRMcntCuoySYOIUHVPWsjvMsKnf4D3pcblaRrMQ' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />
I will try to include the previous broadcasts should time permits. Nevertheless, your feedback and comments are more than welcome. For it is only with new ideas, and why not bold ones that we will be able to collectively overcome our present challenges. To be continued ...</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-83046160734963062792012-07-09T01:59:00.003-07:002012-07-09T02:13:08.283-07:00Achieving Sustainability!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This is indeed the crux of the matter as to Sustainable Development! As we all agree, it is a morality and ethical issue and thus NOT a technological nor economic one. Therefore, I propose to progressively "equalize" the incomes of all by bringing the income of those who have and the one of those who have not within a reasonable interval (e.g., K$ 8-12!). This should happen while working/adopting better Well Being indicators to be hopefully accepted by all for the benefit of all including Mother Ship Earth, for its services are also limited, and we have to live within its limited capacity! May we find the wisdom in us to make these vital moves, for we could be well beyond the Rubicon!</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-43596313315467655552012-07-05T01:18:00.000-07:002012-07-05T01:18:21.757-07:00What Republic?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Whatever system a country chooses to govern itself is highly dependent on its socioeconomic and historical context as well as its political experience and structure. Indeed, the parliamentary system has its advantages and I was among those who did favor it before the elections.<br />
<br />
Without taking sides, and while genuinely thinking of the well being of Tunisia and its citizen, I do believe, especially after the experience of the last few months, that this system doesn't suit Tunisians and thus Tunisia at this point of time!<br />
<br />
Indeed, the far from acceptable performance of our constituency, its fuzzy relationship with the Government and the sociopolitical affairs of the country attests to this state affairs. Moreover, our political experience and the present psychological make up of the Tunisian society doesn't seem to be in tune with this system.<br />
<br />
Last but not least, should the motivation of whoever is pushing for this system be political, I do warn them to think twice, for we don't jeopardize the future of generations and thus of a country just to maximize the chances of a group to be in power. This is a huge mistake, and the present generations as well as the coming ones will never forgive such abuse, especially if such maneuvers put the country at risk and harms its unity and its people aspirations.<br />
<br />
I call for an immediate and open debate about this historic choice and encourage all people to take part in order to collectively agree on the outcome and thus assume our present and future responsibilities. Should this debate stall, a referendum should be organized to democratically choose among the proposed systems.</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-89802711420539980042012-06-04T04:48:00.001-07:002015-01-19T05:39:11.835-08:00The ISET System is a Valuable Local Development Engine..<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">After the 14th of January, it became obvious that among the several socioeconomic priorities, regional development, especially of the interior regions, is the most pressing priority. Nevertheless, identifying priorities is only a necessary step, but far from being a sufficient one! Indeed, devising the appropriate impacts-driven strategies to achieve the desired goals and outcomes, let alone providing the needed funds, is the main challenge.</span><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Today, it is fully admitted that education in general, and technical training in particular, could play a key socioeconomic development role on the national as well as local levels. Luckily, the Tunisian higher education infrastructure is quite evenly spread all over Tunisia, with one </span><span class="il" style="background-color: #ffffcc; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">ISET</span><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> in each governorate. These institutions, once restructured to respond to a wider local mission, could be key socioeconomic leverages for the development of their respective region.</span><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Due to lack of experience, short vision and thus insufficient mission design, the ISETs ended up more like dwarfed engineering schools, rather than technical institutions anchored to their regions and integrated in their different development dynamics. Consequently, this expensive infrastructure, turned into a burden by producing mainly unemployable graduates, rather than responding to the immediate local needs by providing a range of educational and training services. Moreover, ISETs are almost completely decoupled from the university system as well as the vocational one, making of them a last resort for high school graduates.</span><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">To fully leverage this valuable infrastructure and make of it a local development asset, it is proposed to widen its mission and couple it intelligently to the rest of the educational and training systems along the lines of successful institutions such as the American Community Colleges.</span><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><br style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;" /><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969); color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">In order to achieve the above goals, it is necessary to benchmark the ISETs against the Community Colleges, and similar institutions in different countries, while taking into consideration the socioeconomic contexts of the two countries, especially the pressing short and medium terms needs of Tunisia.</span>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-3989983182029101782012-05-10T09:01:00.000-07:002012-05-10T09:01:34.423-07:00Towards a Euro-Mediterranean Innovation Ecosystem (EMIES)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="http://img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;">1) Introduction:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The simultaneous and historic unfolding of the Arab
Spring across the southern rim of the Mediterranean see and the acute economic
crisis on its northern shores, prompted the Euro-Mediterranean community, under
the leadership of the EC, to take stock of their collaboration, learn from
their experience and renew their cooperation for a mutually beneficial
partnership.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean Conference on Research and
Innovation is the venue chosen to initiate this new venture and collectively
conceive its agenda.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact, Session 9,
for which this concept paper is written, is meant to dwell on the important
issues of research and innovation and was originally titled “Building
competence for Research and Innovation: Governance, human capital and research
infrastructure.” This session, along with its companion concept paper, are to
address the following three issues:</span></div>
<div class="ListParagraph1CxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Enhancing Research and Innovation policies in the
Mediterranean region (S&T Governance, institutional reforms…)</span></div>
<div class="ListParagraph1CxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Human resources, training and mobility including
Diaspora</span></div>
<div class="ListParagraph1CxSpLast" style="margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Research and innovation infrastructures</span></div>
<div class="ListParagraph1CxSpLast" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;">2) State of play:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">“I want Europe to
emerge stronger from the economic and financial crisis.” Declared José M.
Barroso in the preface of Europe 2020 [1].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">He added “It’s about more jobs and better lives …The
capability to deliver smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, to find the path
to create new jobs and to offer a sense of direction to our societies.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">He further recalled “The commission is proposing five
measurable EU targets for 2020 that will steer the process and be translated
into national targets: for employment; for research and innovation; for climate
change and energy; for education; and for combating poverty.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Almost concurrently, the leaderless, and ideologiless,
Arab Spring, sprang from Tunisia, spreading quickly to the neighboring
countries and beyond inspiring, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">entre
autres</i>, “Occupy Wall Street” [2] and echoing the same universal claims of
freedom and dignity and demanding further political participation, and
inclusive sustainable growth capable of providing jobs, and better lives.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">These simultaneous unfolding events of the Arab Spring
across the southern shores of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mare
nostrum</i>, and the unprecedented crisis on its northern ones, behooves<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mare
mater nostra</i>, as affectionately called by some [5], and its siblings to
rise to the challenge of this wake up call, and </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">reconquer</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> its centrality in this </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">globalized</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> world as the cradle of our future.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">This common pressing and historic context that comes
to exacerbate the already recognized global challenges, such as climate change,
energy and water shortages, infectious diseases and food security to name a
few, calls on the EU and the Southern Mediterranean countries, to jointly set
ambitious goals for the Euro-Mediterranean region, and commit to
synergistically respond to the aspiration of their present and future generations,
through a new partnership paradigm, that goes beyond conventional cooperation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">As a matter of fact, the advanced Euro-Mediterranean
cooperation in the field of energy is most telling in this regard. Indeed, the
two sides of the Mediterranean are highly dependent on each other when it comes
to energy supply, and they will be more so during the gradual implementation of
the Mediterranean Solar Plan (MSP) by the Union for the Mediterranean
(UfM) as a strategic macro-regional renewable energy programme under the
Barcelona Process [9].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The implementation of this trans-national project will
require the full engagement of the UfM member countries, the European
Commission (EC), universities and research institutions, interested NGOs in the
Mediterranean space, as well as public and private financial institutions, and
the requisite difficult negotiations, and complex coordination crowned with the
fitting diplomacy.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The regional and the planetary importance of this
undertaking, due regards its guaranteed environmental benefits, sizable
economic impacts, multiple technological opportunities, and unprecedented
social benefits are well acknowledged. However, recognizing the required
collective efforts to efficiently implement, and swiftly bring to effective
production the different components of the MSP, <b>behooves</b> us to boldly rethink and thus restructure our cooperation
programs, and usher a collectively beneficial partnership paradigm capable of
realizing the aspirations of our people, and securing a peaceful and prosperous
common Euro-Mediterranean destiny.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">“If we act together, then we can fight back and come
out of the crisis stronger. We have the tools and the new ambition. Now we need
to make it happen.” Concluded Barroso.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB">2.1) Policy
Framework:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean partnership, or the so called <b>Barcelona
Process</b>, was inaugurated in November 1995, and established a wide spectrum
of political, economic and social cooperation between the EU’s Member States
(MS) and the Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Barcelona Process provided the two partners with a
unique and ambitious framework where they could endeavour together towards a
Mediterranean space of security, economic development and sociocultural
exchanges. This partnership was implemented through Association Agreements (AA)
between the EU and the MPC, and a dedicated assistance programme (MEDA) [3].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Several evaluations of this partnership agree that
“the Barcelona Process has missed its main objective: to respond to the hope of
reinforcing the Euro-Arab dialogue and overcoming the differences between north
and south of the basin … As a bureaucratic process it has not been a platform
for projects and dreams. The initial ambition has slowly faded away.” [4]</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">While most of the authors agree on the relative failure
of the Barcelona Process, they don’t concur on the nature of the underlying
causes. In fact, three distinct factors were proposed to explain the obvious
outcome: (i) financial, (ii) managerial and (iii) commercial.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The financial argument claims that not only the
allocated budget was below expectation, but a very low percentage of it, e.g.
less than 30% for MEDA I, was actually executed. In addition, only one project
targeting innovation (EUMEDIS) was funded for about 1% of the total budget [3].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The managerial hindrances expressed itself on both
sides. Underdeveloped administrative and bureaucratic capacities on the MPC
side, due regards the European cooperation requirements, and a frail
acculturation from the EU side [3].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The commercial dimension, i.e., the Free Trade Area,
occulted the fundamental premise of the construction of the Euro-Mediterranean
project, by denying to the Mediterranean space its Geo-political, Geo-economical and euro-strategic dimensions [5].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The enlargement of the EU and the ramping
globalization, along with the above diagnosis, prompted the emergence of the <b>European Neighborhood Policy</b> (ENP) since 2003, along with its European Neighborhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI). This new policy framework
constituted a marked quantitative and qualitative step in the North-South
Mediterranean cooperation, but fell short from incarnating the
above mentioned strategic dimension [5].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The summer of 2008 saw the Barcelona Process evolve
into the <b>Union for the Mediterranean </b>(UfM). This initiative aims at
providing both shores of the Mediterranean
with a framework, a strategy and means of action, allowing them to apprehend
hand-in-hand the common challenges of globalization [5].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The unfolding of the Arab Spring impelled the EU to
recognize the importance of this historic event and acknowledge its lasting and
profound transformational consequences for the Euro-Mediterranean people, the
world and the EU in particular [6,7]. <b>A new response to a changing
neighbourhood</b> [7] and its companion communication [6], open the
possibilities towards a prospective project of a Euro-Mediterranean <b>New Deal</b>
[5], whose objectives, <i>modus operandi</i> and road map are advocated by the
Euro-Mediterranean community.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB">2.2) Institutional
Framework:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Monitoring Committee</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> (MoCo) was set up by the EC in the framework of the
Barcelona Process, to promote the development of a Euro-Mediterranean space for
Science and Technology by stimulating and monitoring RTD cooperation. To
achieve this goal, MoCo proposes, among others, action plans to extend the
European Research Area (ERA) to the whole region. It is composed of high-level
officials representing RTD Ministers from MS and MPC. It is co-chaired by a
representative of the country holding the presidency of the EU and a co-chair from
the Southern shores.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Since 2001, and during its 8<sup>th</sup> meeting in Stockholm, MoCo focused
its activities on two goals [3]: (a) Opening the ERA to the MPC, and (b)
Establishing links and synergies with the MEDA programme. Given that the MEDA
programme didn’t include RTD activities, the inaction of the latter goal
required the intervention of the Foreign Ministers, during their December 2003,
Naples conference, by strongly encouraging the insertion of an RTD component in
every priority sector. Moreover, “the Ministers underlined that Research and
Technology Development (RTD) is an important tool for the economic stability
and growth of all countries around the Mediterranean.
They agreed that the opening of the European Research Area to all Mediterranean
Partners can strengthen regional integration in the short term and can
contribute to sustainable growth, high-value-added job creation, and the
promotion of competitive economies in the region.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Cairo Declaration</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> ambitiously titled “Towards a Euro-Mediterranean
Higher Education and Research Area,” is a inter-ministerial agreement signed in
June 2007 in
Cairo. As its
title indicates, it stipulates (i) creating a Euromed Higher Education System,
and working (ii) towards the creation of a Euromed Research Area.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> [8] attempts to make of the
Euro-Mediterranean region a vast area of free trade and economic prosperity.
Among its actions one finds:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Tailoring
universities curricula to the needs of innovative companies, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Promoting
links between higher education, research and industry,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Ensuring
the rapid development of knowledge-based services in MPC,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Strengthening
MPC companies participation in national, European and international
technology programmes,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Encouraging
MPC companies participation in international R&D projects,</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">2.3) Relevant programmes/projects/actions:</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The EU-MPC S&T cooperation is covered by a
plethora of instruments. Among such instrument, we list the following:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">The Tempus, Erasmus
Mundus and Marie Curie programmes</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Framework program,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Competitiveness and Innovation
Framework program (CIP)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean Industrial
Cooperation program</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The ENPI Regional Indicative Program
for the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The ENPI Cross-Border Cooperation
program (CBC)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Technical Assistance and
Information Exchange (TAIEX) program</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Twinning Instrument</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The IncoNet Mediterranean Innovation
and Research Coordination Action (MIRA)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The EUROMEDCONNECT project</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Facility for Euro-Mediterranean
Investment and Partnership (FEMIP)</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">A quick look at the above list reveals important
information about the structure of the intended systemic nature of the EU-MPC
RTD cooperation. In fact, just the eleven components listed above span the
quasi totality of what might become a Regional Innovation System (RIS). Unfortunately,
many barriers prevented the emergence of a coherent research and innovation
dynamics capable of contributing even further to growth and thus more well
being. In this context, the following main three barriers are provided:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The absence of a globally harmonizing
and coherent framework,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The lack of “soft” use of knowledge,
and</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">High-Tech/Public Organizations bias.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">3) Definition of the main elements for a medium to
long term agenda of Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation in Research and Innovation</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">3.1) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">From the “What?” to the “How?” </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Now, the pressing and strategic Question is NOT as
much “What?” but rather and necessarily “How?” For, as well known and as
augmented above, plenty is being done and much money and energy are being spent
to achieve the collectively desired goals, but the willed outcomes and the
expected impacts are far from what is hoped-for! Is the framework experiencing
a systemic failure?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nowadays, and more than
ever before, it is acknowledged that innovation contributes to the enhancement
of living standards. Furthermore, it is attested that the process of innovation
requires a viable “Innovation System” (IS). This system could be geographical
(supranational, national, sub-national) or technological. It is composed of all
subsystems that constitute its innovation capacity, such as firms, universities
and research centres, the educational system, the financial institutions,
regulatory bodies and others. It is important to note that the innovation
process is complex and is systemic in nature.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Europe 2020, and Horizon
2020, belong to the same lineage of more than a decade old Lisbon, and its companion knowledge-oriented
strategies (CEC 2000). In fact, the EC aimed and still aiming at closing
competitive gaps between Europe and the United
States and Japan by building an innovation
oriented strategy around the concept of a European Research area (ERA).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is worth mentioning,
that among the main motivations behind the ERA concept is the coordination of
research and innovation policies with the complementary EU guidelines and
national ones. According to the EC, the ERA concept was and remains the
adequate means to (i) mobilize further funding, (ii) create appropriate
environments to stimulate research and exploit results, and (iii) consolidate
activities and pool resources.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">3.2) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Euro-Mediterranean Innovation Eco-System
(EMIES)</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Innovation wasn’t included
in the Barcelona
process. However it is a priority in Europe 2020, Horizon 2020 and in A
Partnership for Democratic and Shared Prosperity with the Southern
Mediterranean. These strategies are meant to build the Innovation
Union with, among others their Southern neighbors, by learning from past
experiences, good practices within and outside of the EU, and providing remedies
to already identified hindrances.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Indeed, these strategies
propose “novel” measures to achieve better governance and simpler procedures,
further cooperation and more efficiency. As a matter of fact [6] claims that
“the regional situation demands that the positive elements of the Barcelona process, together with those of the Union for
the Mediterranean be integrated in a new
approach.” Moreover “…UfM needs to reform to fully realise its potential. It
needs to work more as a catalyst bringing States, International Financial
Institutions and the private sector together around concrete projects
generating jobs, innovation and growth that are badly needed in the region.
…The High Representative and the Commission are ready to play a bigger role in
the Union for the Mediterranean in line with
the Lisbon Treaty.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To simultaneously respond
to the above aspirations and eliminate the identified barriers, it is proposed
to progressively restructure the cooperation framework between key Euro-Mediterranean
institutional actors, strategic projects along the lines of the EU flagship
initiatives, by progressively moving away from the ERA concept the Euro-Mediterranean
Innovation Eco-System (EMIES) one. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The key idea behind EMIES
is to map the Euro-Mediterranean innovation space in three types of innovation
sub-regions: (1) National Innovation Systems (NIS), (2) Regional networks of
NISs, resulting in Regional Innovation Systems (RIS), and (3) integration of
the different NIS/RISs into the EMIES. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A similar, albeit less
elaborate idea was actually proposed [3]. It is also striking to discover that
the full fledged RIS concept has been introduced and managed by DG REGIO since
the early 90s and provides a valuable experimental phase to build on. The RIS
project evolved into today’s Regional Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialization (RIS3), by transiting through the Eastern countries RIS. In
addition, DG REGIO published recently a report in relation to the Structural
and Cohesion Funds where the key findings and recommendations corroborate with
those in this paper, but again, fails to pursue/recommend an overarching IS
framework.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The three levels EMIES
framework has a triadic advantage set: (a) reducing the variety of the
difficulties thus eliminating the barriers, (b) integrating geographically
close NISs, and (c) streamlining the policies and governance systems. In
addition, it will give rise to much needed new complementarities and synergies
between its different components, especially countries and regions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">While the above scheme
allows some degree of simplification dealing with innovation over a vast
geographic area and diverse socioeconomic contexts, it requires a certain
degree of decentralization be it on the institutional and/or financial levels.
The regionalization, decentralization dichotomy need to take into consideration
the “apparent trade-off between the use of resources for the diffusion of
knowledge in the peripheral parts of the continental economy (widening) of for
generating new knowledge in the core countries (deepening). … This may serve
the twin objectives of encouraging learning in the peripheral areas and
advancing knowledge in the core areas.” [9] </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.3) A Three Phases medium to long term agenda</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Phase I (2012-14):</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Further convergence while
preparing the future:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-indent: -17.85pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">On the EC level:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Initiate
work on supranational EMIES by building on past EC experiences, e.g., DR REGIO,
the US Innovation System, and available literature,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Identify
and map the EU RISs, existing and potential ones, and identify best practices,
and potential causes of failures for future policies design and streamlining,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Align,
as much as possible, ERA’s and others ongoing programs and project with EMIES
especially its three spatial levels, i.e., national, regional and Eu-Med,</span></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the MPC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Benchmark
the National Innovation Systems (NIS) of the North African countries, and help
identify new promising industry/service niches,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Identify R&D priorities, missing policies,
and S&T policies/managerial capacity building in coherence with (i) and the
new framework,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Accelerate
the convergence of MPCs to ERA and the European Higher Education Area,
especially the Bologna process, with emphasis on educational and R&D
institutional governance and autonomy, e.g., universities,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Phase II (2015-17)</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: North African ISs and EU
RISs emergence:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the EC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Facilitate
the emergence of the identified EU RISs,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Assist
in creating the North African IS (NAIS), while consolidating the North African
NISs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Finalise
the blue print needed for the launching of EMIES,</span></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the MPC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Implement
the needed changes to facilitate the emergence of their NISs,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Initiate
the needed transformation to adopt the identified industry/services niches,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Actively
contribute, with the remaining North African countries and the assistance of EC,
to the creation and emergence of the NAIS.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Phase III (2018-20):</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Viable operation of
EMIES:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the EC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Progressively
launch EMIES,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Evaluate,
monitor and adjust the NISs and RISs to better fit EMIES,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Revisit
EMIES blue print such as the vision and strategies, along with the related
programs and project to sustain the new framework and enhance its viability.</span></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the MPC level:</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Run
effectively their NISs in coherence with NAIS, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Contribute
effectively to NAIS and insure the coherence with EMIES,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Fully
engage via their respective NISs and NAIS, and participate in the governing
bodies to sustain and enhance the viability of EMIES.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;">4) The Recommendations:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">After a rich and constructive exchange, all the
participants of Session 9, agreed to make the following recommendations:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">4.1) </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Most important issues to focus
on:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Innovation in all sectors and themes, such
as SHS, is much needed for prosperity and well being,</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Capacity building: new ways of educating
towards a non traditional way of thinking,</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Large Euro-Med R&I projects as a means
to achieve prosperity via cooperation. </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">4.2) </span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Main challenges to be addressed:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Equal partnership and common long-term
targets with emphasis on inter/intra-regional cooperation,</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Implication of the private sector and NGOs
at all levels and needed activities,</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Suitable and simple governance framework,
to facilitate the emergence of the needed synergies and enhance the efficiency
of the Euro-Med activities. </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">4.3) </span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Priorities for action – key next steps:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Call for the follow-up of the Cairo
conference with the involvement of the private sector,</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Harmonize/align the overall legislative
framework especially the IPR one,</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Initiate progressively a suitable
governance framework and action plan to enhance innovation at the national,
regional and Euro-Med levels for the well being of the Euro-Med community and
humanity as a whole. </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">5) References:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[1]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Europe 2020: A European strategy for smart, sustainable and
inclusive growth, COM (2010) 2020, Brussels, 3.3.2010,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[2]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">What Occupy Wall Street demands of our leaders,
The Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-leadership/what-occupy-wall-street-demands-of-our-leaders/2011/10/11/gIQAjHtZcL_story.html</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[3]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Pasimeni, Paolo et al., Towards a
Euro-Mediterranean Innovation Space: Some lessons and policy queries, The
Concord Seminar, ITPS, Seville, October 2007.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[4]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Moisseron, Jean-Yves, Le partenariat
euro-méditerranéen: l’échec d’une ambition régionale. Pesses Universitaires de
Grenoble, Grenoble, 2005.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[5]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="FR" style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Ayari, C., Prologue: Réflexions sur le
projet d’un “New Deal” Méditerranéen, La Méditerranée pour
l’Union Méditerranéenne, Université de Tunis El Manar, Avril 2008.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[6]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A Partnership for democracy and shared
prosperity with the Southern Mediterranean, COM (2011) 200 final, Brussels,
8.3.2011.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[7]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A new response to a changing neighborhood, COM
(2011) 303 final, Brussels 25.5.2011.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[8]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise,<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/internationa/files/euromedcharterf1949_en.pdf">http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/internationa/files/euromedcharterf1949_en.pdf</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">[9]<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Archibugi, D., et al., Is
Europe becoming the most dynamic knowledge economy in the world, JCMS 2005,
Vol. 43, pp. 433-59</span></div>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-78219935955332102412012-04-05T04:12:00.000-07:002012-04-05T04:12:30.349-07:00From the “What?” to the “How?” : The Euro-Mediterranean Innovation Eco-System (EMIES)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="http://img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;">1) State of play:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">“I want Europe to
emerge stronger from the economic and financial crisis.” Declared José M.
Barroso in the preface of Europe 2020 [1].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">He added “It’s about more jobs and better lives …The
capability to deliver smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, to find the path
to create new jobs and to offer a sense of direction to our societies.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">He further recalled “The commission is proposing five
measurable EU targets for 2020 that will steer the process and be translated
into national targets: for employment; for research and innovation; for climate
change and energy; for education; and for combating poverty.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Almost concurrently, the leaderless, and ideologiless,
Arab Spring, sprang from Tunisia, spreading quickly to the neighbouring
countries and beyond inspiring, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">entre
autres</i>, “Occupy Wall Street” [2] and echoing the same universal claims of
freedom and dignity and demanding further political participation, and
inclusive sustainable growth capable of providing jobs, and better lives.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">These simultaneous unfolding events of the Arab Spring
across the southern shores of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mare
nostrum</i>, and the unprecedented crisis on its northern ones, behoves<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mare
mater nostra</i>, as affectionately called by some [5], and its siblings to
rise to the challenge of this wake up call, and reconquer its centrality in
this </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">globalized</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> world as the cradle of our future.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">This common pressing and historic context that comes
to exacerbate the already recognized global challenges, such as climate change,
energy and water shortages, infectious diseases and food security to name a
few, calls on the EU and the Southern Mediterranean countries, to jointly set
ambitious goals for the Euro-Mediterranean region, and commit to
synergistically respond to the aspiration of their present and future
generations, through a new partnership paradigm, that goes beyond conventional
cooperation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">As a matter of fact, the advanced Euro-Mediterranean
cooperation in the field of energy is most telling in this regard. Indeed, the
two sides of the Mediterranean are highly dependent on each other when it comes
to energy supply, and they will be more so during the gradual implementation of
the Mediterranean Solar Plan (MSP) by the Union for the Mediterranean
(UfM) as a strategic macro-regional renewable energy programme under the Barcelona
Process [9].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The implementation of this trans-national project will
require the full engagement of the UfM member countries, the European
Commission (EC), universities and research institutions, interested NGOs in the
Mediterranean space, as well as public and private financial institutions, and
the requisite difficult negotiations, and complex coordination crowned with the
fitting diplomacy.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The regional and the planetary importance of this
undertaking, due regards its guaranteed environmental benefits, sizable
economic impacts, multiple technological opportunities, and unprecedented
social benefits are well acknowledged. However, recognizing the required
collective efforts to efficiently implement, and swiftly bring to effective
production the different components of the MSP, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">behoves</b> us to boldly rethink and thus restructure our cooperation
programs, and usher a collectively beneficial partnership paradigm capable of
realizing the aspirations of our people, and securing a peaceful and prosperous
common Euro-Mediterranean destiny.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">“If we act together, then we can fight back and come
out of the crisis stronger. We have the tools and the new ambition. Now we need
to make it happen.” Concludes Barroso.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB">1.1) Policy
Framework:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean partnership, or the so called <b>Barcelona
Process</b>, was inaugurated in November 1995, and established a wide spectrum
of political, economic and social cooperation between the EU’s Member States
(MS) and the Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Barcelona Process provided the two partners with a
unique and ambitious framework where they could endeavour together towards a
Mediterranean space of security, economic development and socio-cultural
exchanges. This partnership was implemented through Association Agreements (AA)
between the EU and the MPC, and a dedicated assistance programme (MEDA) [3].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Several evaluations of this partnership agree that
“the Barcelona Process has missed its main objective: to respond to the hope of
reinforcing the Euro-Arab dialogue and overcoming the differences between north
and south of the basin … As a bureaucratic process it has not been a platform
for projects and dreams. The initial ambition has slowly faded away.” [4]</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">While most of the authors agree on the relative
failure of the Barcelona Process, they don’t concur on the nature of the
underlying causes. In fact, three distinct factors were proposed to explain the
obvious outcome: (i) financial, (ii) managerial and (iii) commercial.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The financial argument claims that not only the
allocated budget was below expectation, but a very low percentage of it, e.g.
less than 30% for MEDA I, was actually executed. In addition, only one project
targeting innovation (EUMEDIS) was funded for about 1% of the total budget [3].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The managerial hindrances expressed itself on both
sides. Underdeveloped administrative and bureaucratic capacities on the MPC
side, due regards the European cooperation requirements, and a frail
acculturation from the EU side[3].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The commercial dimension, i.e., the Free Trade Area,
occulted the fundamental premise of the construction of the Euro-Mediterranean
project, by denying to the Mediterranean space its geo-political,
geo-economical and euro-strategic dimensions [5].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The enlargement of the EU and the ramping globalization,
along with the above diagnosis, prompted the emergence of the <b>European
Neighbourhood Policy</b> (ENP) since 2003, along with its European
Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI). This new policy framework
constituted a marked quantitative and qualitative step in the North-South
Mediterranean cooperation, but fell short from incarnating the
above mentioned strategic dimension [5].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The summer of 2008 saw the Barcelona Process evolve
into the <b>Union for the Mediterranean </b>(UfM). This initiative aims at
providing both shores of the Mediterranean
with a framework, a strategy and means of action, allowing them to apprehend
hand-in-hand the common challenges of globalization [5].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The unfolding of the Arab Spring impelled the EU to
recognize the importance of this historic event and acknowledge its lasting and
profound transformational consequences for the Euro-Mediterranean people, the
world and the EU in particular [6,7]. <b>A new response to a changing
neighbourhood</b> [7] and its companion communication [6], open the
possibilities towards a prospective project of a Euro-Mediterranean <b>New Deal</b>
[5], whose objectives, <i>modus operandi</i> and road map are advocated by the
Euro-Mediterranean community.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB">1.2) Institutional
Framework:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Monitoring Committee</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> (MoCo) was set up by the EC in the framework of the
Barcelona Process, to promote the development of a Euro-Mediterranean space for
Science and Technology by stimulating and monitoring RTD cooperation. To
achieve this goal, MoCo proposes, among others, action plans to extend the
European Research Area (ERA) to the whole region. It is composed of high-level
officials representing RTD Ministers from MS and MPC. It is co-chaired by a
representative of the country holding the presidency of the EU and a co-chair
from the Southern shores.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Since 2001, and during its 8<sup>th</sup> meeting in Stockholm, MoCo focused
its activities on two goals [3]: (a) Opening the ERA to the MPC, and (b)
Establishing links and synergies with the MEDA programme. Given that the MEDA
programme didn’t include RTD activities, the inaction of the latter goal
required the intervention of the Foreign Ministers, during their December 2003,
Naples conference, by strongly encouraging the insertion of an RTD component in
every priority sector. Moreover, “the Ministers underlined that Research and
Technology Development (RTD) is an important tool for the economic stability
and growth of all countries around the Mediterranean.
They agreed that the opening of the European Research Area to all Mediterranean
Partners can strengthen regional integration in the short term and can
contribute to sustainable growth, high-value-added job creation, and the
promotion of competitive economies in the region.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Cairo Declaration</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> ambitiously titled “Towards a Euro-Mediterranean
Higher Education and Research Area,” is a inter-ministerial agreement signed in
June 2007 in
Cairo. As its
title indicates, it stipulates (i) creating a Euromed Higher Education System,
and working (ii) towards the creation of a Euromed Research Area.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> [8] attempts to make of the
Euro-Mediterranean region a vast area of free trade and economic prosperity.
Among its actions one finds:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Tailoring
universities curricula to the needs of innovative companies, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Promoting
links between higher education, research and industry,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Ensuring
the rapid development of knowledge-based services in MPC,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Strengthening
MPC companies participation in national, European and international
technology programmes,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Encouraging
MPC companies participation in international R&D projects,</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">1.3) Relevant programmes/projects/actions:</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The EU-MPC S&T cooperation is covered by a
plethora of instruments. Among such instrument, we list the following:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">The Tempus, Erasmus
Mundus and Marie Curie programmes</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Framework program,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Competitiveness and Innovation
Framework program (CIP)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Euro-Mediterranean Industrial
Cooperation program</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The ENPI Regional Indicative Program
for the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The ENPI Cross-Border Cooperation
program (CBC)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Technical Assistance and
Information Exchange (TAIEX) program</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Twinning Instrument</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The IncoNet Mediterranean Innovation
and Research Coordination Action (MIRA)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The EUROMEDCONNECT project</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Facility for Euro-Mediterranean
Investment and Partnership (FEMIP)</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">A quick look at the above list reveals important
information about the structure of the intended systemic nature of the EU-MPC
RTD cooperation. In fact, just the eleven components listed above span the
quasi totality of what might become a Regional Innovation System (RIS). Unfortunately,
many barriers prevented the emergence of a coherent research and innovation
dynamics capable of contributing even further to growth and thus more well
being. In this context, the following main three barriers are provided:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The absence of a globally harmonising
and coherent framework,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The lack of “soft” use of knowledge,
and</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">High-Tech/Public Organisations bias.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">2) Definition of the main elements for a medium to
long term agenda of Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation in Research and Innovation</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">2.1) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">From the “What?” to the “How?” </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Now, the pressing and strategic Question is NOT as
much “What?” but rather and necessarily “How?” For, as well known and as
augmented above, plenty is being done and much money and energy are being spent
to achieve the collectively desired goals, but the willed outcomes and the
expected impacts are far from what is hoped-for! Is the framework experiencing
a systemic failure?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nowadays, and more than
ever before, it is acknowledged that innovation contributes to the enhancement
of living standards. Furthermore, it is attested that the process of innovation
requires a viable “Innovation System” (IS). This system could be geographical
(supranational, national, sub-national) or technological. It is composed of all
subsystems that constitute its innovation capacity, such as firms, universities
and research centres, the educational system, the financial institutions,
regulatory bodies and others. It is important to note that the innovation
process is complex and is systemic in nature.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Europe 2020, and Horizon
2020, belong to the same lineage of more than a decade old Lisbon, and its companion knowledge-oriented
strategies (CEC 2000). In fact, the EC aimed and still aiming at closing
competitive gaps between Europe and the United
States and Japan by building an innovation
oriented strategy around the concept of a European Research area (ERA).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is worth mentioning,
that among the main motivations behind the ERA concept is the coordination of
research and innovation policies with the complementary EU guidelines and
national ones. According to the EC, the ERA concept was and remains the
adequate means to (i) mobilise further funding, (ii) create appropriate
environments to stimulate research and exploit results, and (iii) consolidate
activities and pool resources.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">2.2) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Euro-Mediterranean Innovation Eco-System
(EMIES)</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Innovation wasn’t included
in the Barcelona
process. However it is a priority in Europe 2020, Horizon 2020 and in A
Partnership for Democratic and Shared Prosperity with the Southern
Mediterranean. These strategies are meant to build the Innovation
Union with, among others their Southern neighbours, by learning from past
experiences, good practices within and outside of the EU, and providing
remedies to already identified hindrances.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Indeed, these strategies
propose “novel” measures to achieve better governance and simpler procedures,
further cooperation and more efficiency. As a matter of fact [6] claims that
“the regional situation demands that the positive elements of the Barcelona process, together with those of the Union for
the Mediterranean be integrated in a new
approach.” Moreover “…UfM needs to reform to fully realise its potential. It
needs to work more as a catalyst bringing States, International Financial
Institutions and the private sector together around concrete projects
generating jobs, innovation and growth that are badly needed in the region.
…The High Representative and the Commission are ready to play a bigger role in
the Union for the Mediterranean in line with
the Lisbon Treaty.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To simultaneously respond
to the above aspirations and eliminate the identified barriers, it is proposed
to progressively restructure the cooperation framework between key Euro-Mediterranean
institutional actors, strategic projects along the lines of the EU flagship
initiatives, by progressively moving away from the ERA concept the Euro-Mediterranean
Innovation Eco-System (EMIES) one. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The key idea behind EMIES
is to map the Euro-Mediterranean innovation space in three types of innovation
sub-regions: (1) National Innovation Systems (NIS), (2) Regional networks of
NISs, resulting in Regional Innovation Systems (RIS), and (3) integration of
the different NIS/RISs into the EMIES. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A similar, albeit less
elaborate idea was actually proposed [3]. It is also striking to discover that
the full fledged RIS concept has been introduced and managed by DG REGIO since
the early 90s and provides a valuable experimental phase to build on. The RIS
project evolved into today’s Regional Innovation Strategies for Smart
Specialisation (RIS3), by transiting through the Eastern countries RIS. In
addition, DG REGIO published recently a report in relation to the Structural
and Cohesion Funds where the key findings and recommendations corroborate with
those in this paper, but again, fails to pursue/recommend an overarching IS
framework.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The three levels EMIES
framework has a triadic advantage set: (a) reducing the variety of the
difficulties thus eliminating the barriers, (b) integrating geographically
close NISs, and (c) streamlining the policies and governance systems. In
addition, it will give rise to much needed new complementarities and synergies
between its different components, especially countries and regions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">While the above scheme
allows some degree of simplification dealing with innovation over a vast
geographic area and diverse socio-economic contexts, it requires a certain
degree of decentralization be it on the institutional and/or financial levels.
The regionalization, decentralisation dichotomy need to take into consideration
the “apparent trade-off between the use of resources for the diffusion of
knowledge in the peripheral parts of the continental economy (widening) of for
generating new knowledge in the core countries (deepening). … This may serve
the twin objectives of encouraging learning in the peripheral areas and
advancing knowledge in the core areas.” [9] </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">2.3) A Three Phases medium to long term agenda</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Phase I (2012-14):</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Further convergence while
preparing the future:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-indent: -17.85pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">On the EC level:</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Initiate
work on supranational EMIES by building on past EC experiences, e.g., DR REGIO,
the US Innovation System, and available literature,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Identify
and map the EU RISs, existing and potential ones, and identify best practices,
and potential causes of failures for future policies design and streamlining,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Align,
as much as possible, ERA’s and others ongoing programs and project with EMIES
especially its three spatial levels, i.e., national, regional and Eu-Med,</span></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the MPC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Benchmark
the North African Innovation Systems (NAIS), and help identify new promising industry/service
niches,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Identify R&D priorities, missing policies,
and S&T policies/managerial capacity building in coherence with (i) and the
new framework,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Accelerate
the convergence of MPCs to ERA and the European Higher Education Area,
especially the Bologna process, with emphasis on educational and R&D
institutional governance and autonomy, e.g., universities,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Phase II (2015-17)</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">: North African ISs and EU
RISs emergence:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the EC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Facilitate
the emergence of the identified EU RISs,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Assist
in creating of the North African IS (NAIS).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Finalise
the blue print needed for the launching of EMIES,</span></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the MPC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Implement
the needed changes to facilitate the emergence of their NISs,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Initiate
the needed transformation to adopt the identified industry/services niches,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo5; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Actively
contribute, with the remaining North African countries and the assistance of EC,
to the creation and emergence of the NAIS.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Phase III (2018-20):</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Viable operation of
EMIES:</span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the EC level:</span></u></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Progressively
launch EMIES,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Evaluate,
monitor and adjust the NISs and RISs to better fit EMIES,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Revisit
EMIES blue print such as the vision and strategies, along with the related
programs and project to sustain the new framework and enhance its viability.</span></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the MPC level:</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Run
effectively their NISs in coherence with NAIS, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Contribute
effectively to NAIS and insure the coherence with EMIES,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 71.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo6; mso-text-indent-alt: -17.85pt; text-indent: -71.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Fully
engage via their respective NISs and NAIS, and participate in the governing
bodies to sustain and enhance the viability of EMIES.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB"><b> 3. Refs</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">[1] Europe
2020: A European strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, COM
(2010) 2020, Brussels,
3.3.2010,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">[2] </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">What Occupy Wall Street demands of our leaders,
The Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-leadership/what-occupy-wall-street-demands-of-our-leaders/2011/10/11/gIQAjHtZcL_story.html</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">[3] Pasimeni, Paolo et al., Towards a Euro-Mediterranean Innovation
Space: Some lessons and policy queries, The Concord Seminar, ITPS, Sevilla,
October 2007.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">[4] Moisseron, Jean-Yves, Le partenariat euroméditerranran: l’échec d’une
ambition régionale. Pesses Universitaires de Grenoble, Grenoble, 2005.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="FR" style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">[5] Ayari, C., Prologue: Réflexions sur le projet d’un “New Deal”
Méditerranéen, La
Méditerranée pour l’Union Méditerranéenne, Université de
Tunis El Manar, Avril 2008.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">[6] A Partnership for democracy and shared prosperity with the Southern
Mediterranean, COM (2011) 200 final, Brussels,
8.3.2011.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">[7] A new response to a changing neighborhood, COM (2011) 303 final, Brussels 25.5.2011.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">[8] </span><span lang="EN-GB">Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/internationa/files/euromedcharterf1949_en.pdf">http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/internationa/files/euromedcharterf1949_en.pdf</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">[9] Archibugi, D., et al., Is Europe becoming the most
dynamic knowledge economy in the world, JCMS 2005, Vol. 43, pp. 433-59</span></div>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-61523606166780507932012-03-19T03:12:00.001-07:002012-03-19T03:12:35.225-07:00Endangered Species: ethical and trustworthy conducts.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
I was interviewed, by a staff member from <a href="http://thereboot.org/" target="_blank">Reboot</a> conducting a study on behalf of the World Bank : http://thereboot.org/blog/2012/03/15/tunisia-from-revolutions-to-institutions/<br />
<br />The <a href="http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.1141.html" target="_blank">report</a> can be found at: http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.1141.html. <br /><br />In the quasi-totality of their introduction the authors used my argument as to the fall of dictatorship in Tunisia based on Cybernetics principles, especially Ashby's Requisite Variety Principle. <br /><br />The authors did NOT acknowledge nor mention, even in the remotest manner, the origin of the NOVEL argument, and just referred to Ashby's reference that I also mentioned, while developing my argument according to Academic ethics, and IPR principles!<br /><br />I also shared with the interviewer insights regarding the Tunisian higher education system as well as the structure of our industry and how to make it more innovative to help develop the country and enhance well being. <br /><br />So, when you accept to get interviewed even by well respected international institutions, you should know what to say and reveal and, especially, what NOT say/reveal, for ethical and trustworthy conducts seem to be truly endangered species! <br /><br />Quite unfortunate though. To be <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/updates?discuss=&scope=13197451&stype=M&topic=5587429682124431360&type=U&a=TJv3&goback=.nmp_*1_*1_*1_*1_*1_*1&trk=NUS_UNIU_SHARE-see-more" target="_blank">continued</a> ... </div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3434448714655969474.post-54396030525915681642012-02-09T01:46:00.000-08:002012-02-09T01:46:04.683-08:00The Constitution to-be<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}">Those elected were democratically assigned by the
Free People of Tunisia to conceive and elaborate a constitution aligned
and in coherence with the universal claims of the Tunisian revolution
that our martyrs (God bless their souls) empowered with their lives and
blood. </span></span></h6>
<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}">Thus, they weren't given a blank check to decide for the free
people of Tunisia! This constitution to be <span class="text_exposed_show">will
engage the Tunisian society as well as the region for the coming
decades if not centuries. </span></span></span></h6>
<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}"><span class="text_exposed_show">Therefore, our new constitution should be
forward looking, taking into consideration the aspiration of our people
especially the Tunisian youth, as well as the mega trends of our
exponentially mutating world. </span></span></span></h6>
<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}"><span class="text_exposed_show">In addition, it should decouple itself
from any discourse that kept our region in the lower segment of the
world nations while building on our political diversity and historical
assets. </span></span></span></h6>
<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}"><span class="text_exposed_show">We are the grand children of the mighty General Hannibal, the
unique and ingenious thinker Ibn Khaldun and the patriotic and inspiring
poet Abul Kassim Echabi. Such lineage will NEVER accept anything below
its expectations and aspirations! </span></span></span></h6>
<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}" style="font-weight: normal;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}"><span class="text_exposed_show">Power to the Free People of Tunisia.</span></span></span></h6>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09172956627522784726noreply@blogger.com0